Ncert Exercises & Solutions

17. Which of the following elements will gain one electron more readily in comparison to other elements of their group?

(a) S(g)

(b) Na(g)

(d) Cl(g)

(a, d)

Chlorine has the highest tendency to gain one electron because by doing so, it acquires the stable electronic configuration of teh nearest nobel gas, i.e., argo. Sulphur and oxygen belong to group 16 but the size of oxygen is much smaller than that of sulphur.

As a result, when an electron is added to them, the electron-electron repulsions in the smaller 2p-subshell of oxygen are comparatively stronger than those present in the bigger 3p-subshell of sulphur. Therefore, S has a higher tendency to gain an electron than O.

Na, on the other hand, has only one electron in the valence shell and hence has a strong tendency to lose rather than gain one electron.

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