Ncert Exercises & Solutions

12.9 Write structural formulas and names of four possible aldol condensation products from propanal and butanal. In each case, indicate which aldehyde acts as nucleophile and which as electrophile.

Hint: Follow cross-aldol condensation reaction

Step 1:

When aldol condensation is carried out between two different aldehydes and/or ketones, it is called cross aldol condensation. If both of them contain α-hydrogen atoms, it gives a mixture of four products.

When propanal and butanal undergo aldol condensation then four different products are obtained.

The products are as follows:

(i)
When two molecules of propanal react with each other. Then one molecule acts as an electrophile and another molecule acts as a nucleophile.

The reaction is as follows:

(ii)
When two molecules of butanal react with each other. Then one molecule acts as a nucleophile and the other molecule acts as an electrophile.

The reaction is as follows:

(iii)
When one molecule of propanal reacts with butanal in which propanal acts as a nucleophile and butanal acts as an electrophile.
The reaction is as follows:

(iv)
When one molecule of propanal reacts with butanal in which propanal acts as an electrophile and butanal act as a nucleophile.
The reaction is as follows:

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