Q. 1. Define transformation in Griffth's experiment. Discuss how it helps in the identification of DNA as the genetic material.
In Griffith's experiment, transformation can be defined as a change in the genetic constitution of an organism by picking out up DNA from the environment (from dead organisms).
Transformation helps in the identification of DNA as genetic material. When heat was used to kill the virulent bacteria, they died but not their genetic material (DNA). This DNA, when picked by non-virulent bacteria, made the capable of causing infection.
Since, the ability to cause infection could be passed on by these organisms to their progeny, it was concluded that DNA was the material that was inherited.
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