An example of edible underground stem is
1. Carrot
2. Groundnut
3. Sweet potato
4. Potato

In ginger, vegetative propagation occurs through
1. Offsets
2. Bulbils
3. Runners
4. Rhizome

Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
Mode of reproduction            Example
1. Rhizome                             Banana
2. Binary fission                      Sargassum
3. Conidia                              Penicillium
4. Offset                                  Water hyacinth

Stems modified into flat green organs performing the functions of leaves are known as :
1. Scales
2. Cladodes
3. Phyllodes
4. Phylloclades

In Bougainvillea, thorns are the modification of:
1. Stipules
2. Adventitious root
3. Stem
4. Leaf

Whorled, simple leaves with reticulate venation are present in

Phyllode is present in :
1. Asparagus
2. Euphorbia
3. Australian Acacia
4. Opuntia

Leaves become modified into spines in
1. Cactus
2. Rose
3. Citrus
4. Pistia

Leaves become modified into spines in
1. Pea
2. Onion
3. Silk Cotton
4. Opuntia

Which of the following is not a stem modification?
1. Flattened structures of Opuntia
2. Pitcher of Nepenthes
3. Thorns of citrus
4. Tendrils of cucumber