1. | Pericycle gives rise to lateral roots |
2. | Parenchymatous cells lie between the xylem and the phloem |
3. | Usually more than six (polyarch) xylem bundles |
4. | Exarch xylem |
a. | Sclerenchymatous hypodermis |
b. | Scattered vascular bundles with peripheral smaller than centrally located ones |
c. | Water-containing cavities present within the vascular bundles |
a. | Modified abaxial epidermal cells |
b. | Large, empty, colourless cells |
c. | Photosynthetic contain chloroplast |
d. | Make the leaves curl inwards during water stress conditions |
e. | Help to minimise water loss |
1. | Secondary xylem and secondary cortex |
2. | Secondary phloem and cork cells |
3. | Secondary medullary rays and secondary cortex |
4. | Secondary medullary rays, secondary xylem and secondary phloem |
1. | Spring wood is lighter in colour with large number of xylary elements having vessels with wider cavities |
2. | Autumn wood is darker with lower density and formed due to less activity of cambium |
3. | Alternate concentric rings of autumn wood and spring wood, constitute an annual ring |
4. | Annual rings seen in a cut stem give an estimate of the age of the tree |