What does not cause the proton gradient across the membrane?
a. Splitting of water
b. Moving electrons through photosystems
c. Reduction of NADP
d. Q cycle

Where does the splitting of water take place?
a. Stroma
b. Cytoplasm
c. Thylakoid lumen
d. Plasma membrane

The---------- acceptor of -------- which is located------- side of membrane transfers its electron not to an electron carrier but to a ----------. Fill in the blank according to causes of proton gradient in photosynthesis.
a. Primary, proton, outer, proton carrier
b. Primary, electron, outer, proton carrier
c. Terminal, proton, outer, proton carrier
d. Primary, electron, inner, Hydrogen carrier

Where does exactly the NADP reductase enzyme located?
a. Thylakoid lumen
b. Thylakoid luminal side of membrane
c. Stromal side of thylakoid membrane
d. Cytoplasm

The protons for the reduction of NADP+ are taken from-
a. Stroma
b. Lumen of Thylakoid
c. Cytoplasm
d. Matrix

In photosynthesis, what is reduced?
1. NAD
2. NADP
3. NADP⁺
4. NADH

Within chloroplast, number of protons is less in which compartment?
a. Thylakoid membrane
b. Intermembrane space
c. Stroma
d. Matrix

Which of the following acts as a transmembrane channel?
a. F0 of ATPase
b. F1 of ATPase
c. PS I
d. PS II

F1 of ATPase is located in-
a. Inner surface of plasma membrane
b. Outer surface of thylakoid membrane
c. On the side of thylakoid that faces the stroma
d. both b and c

When proton motive force degenerates, where does the conformational- changes take place?
a. F0 of ATPase
b. F1 of ATPase
c. PS I
d. PS II