I. Thermoregulation, osmoregulation and excretion are mechanisms that moderate change in the body.
II. 99% animals and almost all plants are conformers
III. Heat loss or heat gain is a function of surface area.
IV. Thermoregulation energetically least expensive process for many organisms like shrews and humming birds
V. 99% animals are thermoregulator
VI. Archaebacteria cannot tolerate high temperature
(1) I and II are wrong                 

(2) IV, V and VI are wrong

(3) None is wrong                       

(4) All are wrong

Why small animals are not found in polar area mostly?

(1) Because they have a smaller surface area relative to their volume

(2) Because they have a larger volume relative to their surface area

(3) Because they have a smaller metabolic rate

(4) Because they have a larger surface area relative to their volume

Kangaroo rats:

(1) Have a generalized diet               

(2) Avoid eating fats

(3) Do not need to drink water          

(4) Are insensitive to heat

Find out false one:
(1) Mammals from colder climate generally have shorter ears and limbs to minimise heat loss

(2) All organisms have behavioural adaptations that allow them to respond quickly to a stressful situation

(3) Some organisms possess adaptations that are physiological which allow them to respond quickly to a stressful situation

(4) A large variety of invertebrates and fish live at great depths in the ocean where the pressure could be > 100 times than the normal atmospheric pressure

Which of the following statement is false with respect to adaptations?
(1) Many xerophytic plants have thick cuticle on leaf epidermis, sunken stomata

(2) Some xerophytic plants have special photosynthetic pathway (CAM) that enables their stomata close during day

(3) Opuntia has spines (modified leaves), photosynthetic phylloclade (stem)

(4) All adaptations are genetically fixed all organisms

Density of a population (D) is:

(1) $D=\frac{D \left(size\right)}{W (wt.)}$                           

(2) $\mathrm{D}=\frac{\mathrm{S} \left(\mathrm{space}\right)}{\mathrm{N} \left(\mathrm{number}\right)}$

(3)  $D=\frac{N \left(number\right)}{S \left(space\right)}$                           

(4) None of the above

If the age distribution (percent individuals of a given age or age group) is plotted for population, the resulting structure is called:

(1) Survivorship curve                       

(2) Life table

(3) Age pyramid                                

(4) Logistic model

The age distribution of a population is determined by:

(1) Timing of birth

(2) Timing of death

(3) The rate at which the population is growing

(4) All are correct

What four factors define population growth?

1. Births; deaths, immigration, emigration

2. Survivorship, age-specific mortality, fecundity, death rate

3. Mark-recapture, census, quadrate sampling, transects

4. Age-specific birth rate, metapopulation structure, quadrate, ecotone

Population growth of a species is not related to which of the following parameters?
(1) Nt + 1 = Nt + [(B + I) − (D + E)]

(2) Out of the four basic processes effecting population growth three leads to increase in population size

(3) For a newly colonised habitat immigration plays major role than birth rate

(4) Under normal conditions, natality and mortality are the most important factors