The density of a population in a given habitat during a given period, fluctuates due to changes in four basic processes. On this basis fill up A and B boxes in the given diagram with correct options:

(a) A = Natality + Immigration, B = Mortality + Emigration

(b) A = Natality + Mortality, B = Immigration + Emigration

(c) A = Birth rate + Death rate, B = Migration + Emigration

(d) A = Natality + Emigration, B = Mortality + Immigration

Exponential growth occurs when there is:

(1) Asexual reproduction only            

(2) Sexual reproduction only

(3) No inhibition from crowding         

(4) A fixed carrying capacity

The logistic population growth model, dN/dt = rN (K - N/K), describes a populations growth when an upper limit to growth is assumed. This upper limit to growth is known as the population's ________, and as N gets larger, dN/dt ________:

(1) Biotic potential, increases            

(2) Biotic potential, decreases

(3) Carrying capacity, increases                  

(4) Carrying capacity, decreases

In a population growth rate curve the lag phase represents the period when a population is adjusting to a new environment.
II. In a population growth rate curve the steepest part of growth phase represents the period when a population is growing exponentially.
III. In the stationary phase of a population growth rate curve the population is in dynamic equilibrium
IV. Human have changed the carrying capacity of the earth.
(1) All are correct           

(2) I, II, III             

(3) II, III               

(4) I, IV

A broad-based, pyramid shaped age structure is characteristic of a population that is:

1. Growing rapidly                                     

2. At carrying capacity

3. Stable                                          

4. Shrinking

Carrying capacity for a population is estimated at 500; the population size is currently 400; and rmax = 0.01. What is dN/dt?

(1) 0.01               

(2) 0.8                 

(3) 8                    

(4) 50

The evolution of the animal immune system was probably driven by:

(1) Herbivores pushing the animals toward extinction

(2) The selective pressures of parasitic and disease organisms

(3) Competition between the animals and their habitats

(4) Symbiosis between the animals and their predators

Which of the following is not entirely true fact?
1. Competition occurs when closely related species compete for the same resources that are limiting

2. Totally unrelated species could compete for the same resource

3. Resources need not be limiting for competition to occur. In interference competition, the feeding efficiency of one species might be reduced due to the interference and inhibitory presence of the other species, even if resources are abundant.

4. A complex interplay of interspecific interactions and environmental variability characterizes community structure

Connell's elegant field experiments are related to:

1. Paramecium    

2. Barnacles        

3. Viruses           

4. Protozoans

Select the false one:
1. The niche of a population is the set of conditions and resources it uses

2. Competitive exclusion principle was first described by Gause, for species of Paramecium

3. If a new predator is introduced to an area the prey species is likely to decrease and possibly become extinct

4. None of the above