Recessed central fissure on the medial surface of the kidney where its vessels, nerves and ureter pass is called as:

1.	hilum	2.	renal sinus
3.	renal calyces	4.	adrenal glands

The perinephric fat:
1. is the storage energy for renal functions.
2. is the renal capsule.
3. cushions the kidney from mechanical shock.
4. is present only under pathological conditions.

Glomerular capillaries are drained by:

The part of the human urinary system that does not have smooth muscles would be:
1. kidney
2. urinary bladder
3. ureters
4. urethra

The human kidneys are retroperitoneal and are near the dorsal wall of the:
1. pelvic cavity
2. abdominal cavity
3. peritoneum
4. thoracic

Ureters:

Skeletal muscle make up the:
1. external urethra sphincter
2. internal urethra sphincter
3. renal capsule
4. ureter walls

In the male, urethra serves to:
1. transport urine from kidney to bladder
2. transport sperms to ejaculatory ducts
3. store urine and sperms
4. discharge semen and urine

If the cardiac output is about 6L/min, the renal blood flow/min would be about:
1. 180 L
2. 1200 ml
3. 500 ml
4. 700 ml

The reabsorption of chloride ions in the renal tubules if determined by:
1. rate of potassium reabsorption
2. rate of sodium reabsorption
3. rate of potassium secretion
4. rate of phosphate reabsorption