A sensation of pain/discomfort is felt when the amount of urine collected in the bladder reaches about:

1. 100ml

2. 500ml

3. 200ml

4. 300ml

Cystitis is the inflammation of:

1. kidneys

2. ureter

3. urinary bladder

4. urethra

Urine from the major calyces in the kidney is collected by:

The functional unit of the human kidney is the:

What structure projects between the afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole next to Bowman's capsule to form the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
1. glomerulus
2. arcuate arteries
3. proximal tubule
4. distal tubule

The vascular endothelium of glomerular capillaries, basement membrane, and podocytes in the inner lining of Bowman’s capsule form:

A series of straight capillaries in the medulla that lie parallel to the loop of Henle are called:

A triangular portion of the bladder floor bordered (ventrally) by the internal urethral opening or bladder neck and (dorsolaterally) by the orifices of the right ureter and left ureter, is called as:

1. detrusor.

2. dartos.

3. transitional epithelium.

4. trigone.

The ratio of the glomerular filtration rate to the renal plasma flow is the:
1. filtration fraction.
2. plasma clearance.
3. renal blood flow rate.
4. tubular maximum.

The glomerular ultrafiltrate will normally not contain: