Q. No.Which of the following is true for excretion in humans?
1.
Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed in PCT by simple diffusion.
2.
DCT is impermeable to water.
3.
On an average, 25-30 gm of urea is excreted out per day.
4.
Maximum reabsorption occurs in the loop of Henle.
Refer the given figure of nephron.
Identify A, B, C, and D and select the correct option regarding them.
| 1. | A - Glomerulus - a tuft of capillaries formed by afferent arteriole. |
| 2. | B - PCT- reabsorption of \(HCO^-_3\) and selective secretion of H+ and K+ occurs here. |
| 3. | C - DCT- almost all glucose, amino acids, water, Na+, K+, and uric acid are absorbed here. |
| 4. | D - collecting duct - extends from the cortex of the kidney to the inner parts of the medulla; a large amount of water is secreted in this region. |
Which part of the nephrons is impermeable to water?
1. Proximal convoluted tubule
2. Distal convoluted tubule
3. Ascending limb of loop of Henle
4. Descending limb of loop of Henle
Which of the following process of urine formation takes place all along the renal tubule and collecting duct?
1. Ultrafiltration and tubular reabsorption
2. Ultrafiltration and tubular secretion
3. Tubular reabsorption and secretion
4. Anti-current mechanism and reabsorption
In man, in which part of the uriniferous tubule reabsorption of glucose occurs?
1. Collecting tube
2. Henle's loop
3. Distal convoluted tubule
4. Proximal convoluted tubule
What is true of urea biosynthesis?
1. Uric acid is the starting point
2. Urea is synthesized in lysosomes
3. Urea cycle enzymes are located inside mitochondria
4. Urea is synthesized in the kidney
Consider the following statements:
| I: | Many bony fishes, aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects are ammonotelic. |
| II: | Mammals, many terrestrial amphibians and cartilaginous fishes are ureotelic. |
| III: | Reptiles, birds, land snails and insects are uricotelic. |
Which of the above statements are true?
1. I and II only
2. I and III only
3. II and III only
4. I, II, and III
Consider the following statements:
I. The DCTs of many nephrons open into the collecting duct.
II. In cortical nephrons, loop of Henle is short and does not extend into medulla.
III. Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons.
Which of the above statements are true?
1. I and II only 2. I and III only
3. II and III only 4. I, II, and III
In the given diagram what would be the value of osmolality of fluid at points A and B respectively?
1. 1000 and 1000
2. 1200 and 1000
3. 1000 and 1200
4. 1200 and 1200
The component of blood which prevents its coagulation in the blood vessels is
1. haemoglobin
2. plasma
3. thrombin
4. heparin.
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