Study the given diagram and choose the correct statement from the options given below:

1. The beet core in beaker A is at equilibrium with the surrounding water.
2. The beet core in beaker B will lose water to the surrounding environment.
3. The beet core in beaker B would be more turgid than the beet core in beaker A.
4. The beet core in beaker A is likely to gain so much water that its cells will rupture.

Identify the incorrect statement regarding plasmolysis in plant cells:
1. If a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the plant cell loses water and hence turgor pressure by plasmolysis.
2. If cytorrhysis occurs the plant will wilt.
3. Plasmolysis can be reversed if the cell is placed in a hypotonic solution in many cases.
4. Convex plasmolysis is always reversible.

Which of the cell would be called as ‘flaccid’?

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A and B

Rocks can be split by inserting dry wooden stalks in the crevices of the rocks and soaking them in water. The physiological basis of this phenomenon is:
1. Imbibition
2. Crenation
3. Cytorrhisis
4. Reverse osmosis

What is incorrect regarding apoplast transport in plants?
1. The apoplast is formed by the continuum of cell walls of adjacent cells as well as the extracellular spaces.
2. Transport velocity is lower in the apoplast than in the symplast.
3. Apoplast transport also accounts for a higher proportion of water transport in plant tissues than does symplastic transport.
4. The apoplastic pathway is also involved in passive exclusion.

Root pressure is caused by:
1. active distribution of mineral nutrient ions into the root xylem.
2. passive distribution of mineral nutrient ions into the root xylem.
3. a lower water potential in soil than the root cells.
4. transpirational pull.

Arrange the following events in the correct chronological order during opening of the stomata:
I. An uptake of potassium ions occurs into the guard cells.
II. A proton pump drives protons (H⁺) from the guard cells.
III. Diffusion of water occurs into the guard cell through osmosis.
IV. The two guard cells lengthen by bowing apart from one another.
V. Negative ions flux into the guard cells to balance the influx of potassium.
1. I, III, II, IV, V
2. I, II, V, III, IV
3. II, I, V, III, IV
4. II, V, I, III, IV

When the roots begin to sense a water shortage in the soil, abscisic acid (ABA) is released. The increase of which of the following ions in the cytosol of the guard cells is responsible for ultimately bringing about a closure of stomata?
1. Calcium
2. Magnesium
3. Potassium
4. Hydrogen

Various factors affect stomatal movement. Which of the following is not a correct relation between the factor and stomatal movement?

Mass flow of liquid water from roots to the leaves is primarily driven by:
1. Root pressure
2. Capillary action
3. Water potential differences
4. Active transport