In the formula for exponential growth (dN/dt = rN), what does ‘r’ stand for?

1.	the carrying capacity of the environment
2.	the change in time
3.	the number of individuals in the population
4.	the intrinsic rate of natural increase of the population

The population distribution pattern that will be seen in territoriality is:
1. random
2. uniform
3. clumped
4. None of the above. Territoriality isn't important in determining distribution patterns.

If an organism has type III survivorship curve, the mortality rate of the population will be:
1. fairly constant throughout life
2. higher in post-reproductive years
3. lower after the organisms become established
4. unrelated to age

Morphological defense is the most common defense in plants against herbivory. An example of such a defense would be:
1. Beltian bodies
2. mustard oils
3. epiphytes
4. silica

The biome characterized by a mean annual temperature between 5$°$C and 22$°$C and mean annual precipitation between 5 cm and 50 cm is:
1. Desert
2. Arctic and alpine tundra
3. Temperate forest
4. Grassland

Temperature is significant for living organisms as it primarily affects:

Many freshwater animals cannot live for long in sea water and vice versa because of:
1. Buoyancy related problems
2. Lack of impermeable skins
3. Thermolabile enzymes
4. Osmotic considerations

Evolutionary biologists believe that “success” of mammals is largely due to their ability to:
1. Produce a large number of progeny
2. Live for a longer life span
3. Maintain a constant body temperature
4. Nurture young ones for longer periods

While heat gain or heat loss is the function of ________, heat production is the function of _______ of the body of an animal.
1. Volume; Surface area
2. Surface area; Volume
3. Volume; Volume
4. Surface area; Surface area

Kangaroo rat is capable of meeting all its water requirements through:
1. Storing water when available
2. Dry seeds and foliage
3. Metabolic water
4. Burrowing deep to get water