Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A):	The current mass extinction is different from the previous episodes of mass extinctions.
Reason (R):	It is happening at a faster rate and is mainly anthropogenic in nature.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False.

When the habitat gets fragmented, the edge effect:

The best preservation areas are:
1. small in size but multiple in number
2. large ones are better than small-sized ones
3. the size is less important than the number
4. size and number are irrelevant

The dramatic increase in the population of Nile perch in Lake Victoria was due to:

Migratory birds like Siberian cranes are facing threats of extinction mainly due to:
1. pesticides
2. fragmentation or loss of habitat
3. urbanization
4. bad weather

The peregrine falcon in the United States got extinct due to:

The most recorded extinctions during the past 500 years have occurred among:
1. flowering plants
2. mammals
3. birds
4. amphibians

The species that are vulnerable to extinction do not include the species that:
1. have high genetic variability
2. are hunted or harvested by people
3. have a declining population size
4. are local endemic species

The current extinction is called a ‘biodiversity crisis’ because:
1. the extinctions are not a natural phenomenon
2. the rates are high and is due to the human activities
3. the extinction is mainly affecting animals rather than plants
4. only keystone species are being lost

An endangered species as compared to a threatened species:
1. is nearer to extinction
2. threatens the survival of other species
3. is one about which the known data is deficient
4. has more diversity