It is necessary that lungs must be present in anatomically air-tight chamber because:
1. | we cannot directly alter the pulmonary volume |
2. | our lungs are not made of any elastic tissue |
3. | the pleural cavity always has a positive pressure with respect to pulmonary pressure |
4. | the partial pressure of oxygen in atmosphere is less than that in the alveoli |
During expiration, the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles are:
1. contracted
2. relaxed
3. flexed
4. both relaxed (diaphragm) and flexed (intercostal muscles)
When the diaphragm or external intercostal muscles contract, intrapulmonary pressure should
1. | increase | 2. | decrease |
3. | remain constant | 4. | equal atmospheric pressure |
The volume of thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis can be increased by:
1. Contraction of diaphragm
2. Relaxation of diaphragm
3. Contraction of external intercostals
4. Contraction of internal intercostals