1. | The Human Genome Project was a 13-year project coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institute of Health. |
2. | Many non-human model organisms, such as bacteria, yeast, Caenorhabditis Elegans (a free-living non-pathogenic nematode), Drosophila (the fruit fly), plants (rice and Arabidopsis), etc., have also been sequenced. |
3. | The sequence of chromosome 1 was completed only in May 2016 (this was the last of the 24 human chromosomes – 22 autosomes and X and Y – to be sequenced). |
4. | The fragments were sequenced using automated DNA sequencers that worked on the principle of a method developed by Frederick Sanger. |
A: | Expressed Sequence Tags | Fragments of mRNA sequences derived through single sequencing reactions performed on randomly selected clones from cDNA libraries. |
B: | Sequence Annotations | The process of marking specific features in a DNA, RNA, or protein sequence with descriptive information about structure or function. |
1. | Only A | 2. | Only B |
3. | Both A and B | 4. | Neither A nor B |
The last of 24 human chromosomes to be sequenced was:
1. Chromosome 1 and completed in 2003
2. Chromosome 1 and completed in 2006
3. Chromosome X and completed in 2003
4. Chromosome X and completed in 2006
In the human genome, the chromosomes with the most and the fewest genes located on them respectively are:
1. | 1 and Y | 2. | X and Y |
3. | 21 and X | 4. | 11 and Y |
Identifying all the genes in the genome that are transcribed into RNA is called:
1. | Expressed Sequence Tag | 2. | Sequence Annotation |
3. | Inverse PCR | 4. | Retrotransposition |