Assertion (A): | S-strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae is virulent. |
Reason (R): | Heat-killed S-strain Streptococcus pneumoniae injected into mice did not cause pneumonia and did not kill them. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
Assertion (A): | In Avery, Macleod, and McCarty's experiment, digestion of heat-killed lysate with proteases and RNases did not affect transformation but digestion with DNase did. |
Reason (R): | DNase will hydrolyse all biomolecules in the lysate except DNA. |
1. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
Assertion (A): | Even after the results of Avery, Macleod, and McCarty's experiment, not all biologists were convinced that DNA is hereditary material. |
Reason (R): | Proteins were conclusively proved to be the genetic material for almost all living organisms. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
4. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
I: | ‘A’ shows that viruses grown on radioactive sulfur contained radioactive protein but not radioactive DNA because DNA does not contain sulfur. |
II: | ‘B’ shows that viruses are grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorus contained radioactive DNA but not radioactive protein because DNA contains phosphorus but protein does not. |
III: | The result ‘X’ shows bacteria that were infected with viruses that had radioactive DNA were radioactive, indicating that DNA was the material. |
IV: | The result ‘Y’ shows bacteria that were infected with viruses that had radioactive proteins were not radioactive indicating that proteins did not enter the bacteria from the viruses. |
Assertion (A): | A molecule that can act as a genetic material should be able to express itself in the form of ‘Mendelian Characters’. |
Reason (R): | A molecule that can act as a genetic material should provide the scope for slow changes. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
4. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
Assertion (A): | RNA was the first genetic material. |
Reason (R): | RNA can act as the template for the synthesis of DNA and has catalytic functions as well. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
4. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
Statement I: | There is now enough evidence to suggest that essential life processes (such as metabolism, translation, splicing, etc.), evolved around RNA. |
Statement II: | DNA being double-stranded and having complementary strands further resists changes by evolving a process of repair. |
1. | Watson and Crick's model for semi-conservative DNA replication |
2. | Temin and Baltimore model for reverse transcription |
3. | Transcription of rRNA and tRNA on the template of DNA |
4. | Transcription of mRNA and hnRNA on the template of DNA |
I: | The result at the end of 20 minutes excludes the ‘conservative’ mode of DNA replication. |
II: | The result at the end of 40 minutes excludes the ‘dispersive’ mode of DNA replication. |
Assertion (A): | Deoxyribonulceoside triphosphates provide energy for polymerization reactions during the replication of DNA. |
Reason (R): | The two terminal phosphates in a deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate are high-energy phosphates, the same as in the case of ATP. |
1. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |