Which of the following is not a proposition of Lamarckism?
1. | Living organisms or their component parts tend continually to increase in size |
2. | Production of new organs results from a new need due to a change in the environment |
3. | If an organ is used constantly, it tends to get developed, whereas disuse results in degeneration |
4. | Modifications produced by the above mechanisms during the lifetime of an individual will not be inherited |
Around 200 mya, some land reptiles went back to the water to evolve into fish-like reptiles, for example:
1. | Pareiasaurus | 2. | Pelycosaurus |
3. | Ichthyosaurs | 4. | Archosaurus |
The loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population is called as:
1. | the bottleneck effect | 2. | the founder effect |
3. | assortative mating | 4. | random mating |
The extinct reptilian lineage that evolved into dinosaurs and later on the birds is:
1. | Pelycosaurs | 2. | Synapsids |
3. | Tuataras | 4. | Thecodonts |
Fishes with stout and strong fins that could move on land and go back to water existed about:
1. | 500 mya | 2. | 350 mya |
3. | 320 mya | 4. | 300 mya |
According to the Darwinian concept of evolution, a giraffe has a long neck because:
1. | it was always like that since the beginning |
2. | during evolution the number of cervical vertebrae got increased |
3. | its ancestors stretched their necks to get food |
4. | ancestral giraffes with longer necks got more food and left more surviving offspring |
Which of the following is not a finding observed by Darwin, when he landed on the Galapagos Islands?
1. | Woodpeckers were absent on the islands |
2. | The island species resembled the mainland species |
3. | Islands contain more different species of finches than the mainland |
4. | The corresponding size of the species was smaller on the islands than the species on the mainland |
What causes the ‘struggle for existence?
1. | overproduction and imbalance with available resources |
2. | innate competitive tendencies |
3. | the decrease in the environmental carrying capacity |
4. | territories and dominance hierarchies |
Which of the following is not a major evolutionary trend seen in the evolution of horses?
1. | Progressive increase in the number of toes |
2. | Increase in the complexity of the molar teeth |
3. | Lengthening of the limbs in general |
4. | Enlargement of the brain |
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding an evolutionary trend?
1. | It is the continuous change of a character within an evolving lineage. |
2. | The number of trends in any lineage is the same as the number of characters evolving. |
3. | A trend may be progressive or retrogressive. |
4. | Direction and speed of evolutionary trends in a lineage are universal throughout the family and are not subject to variations. |