The differential success in the reproduction, of an organism, in a given environment, is :
1. | Adaptation | 2. | Natural Selection |
3. | Adaptive radiation | 4. | Saltatory evolution |
Match List-I with List-II:
List-I | List-II | ||
(a) | Adaptive radiation | (i) | Selection of resistant varieties due to excessive use of herbicides and pesticides |
(b) | Convergent evolution | (ii) | Bones of forelimbs in Man and Whale |
(c) | Divergent evolution | (iii) | Wings of Butterfly and Bird |
(d) | Evolution by anthropogenic action | (iv) | Darwin Finches |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
1. | (ii) | (i) | (iv) | (iii) |
2. | (i) | (iv) | (iii) | (ii) |
3. | (iv) | (iii) | (ii) | (i) |
4. | (iii) | (ii) | (i) | (iv) |
Which statement most accurately reflects what population geneticists refer to as "fitness"?
1. | Fitness is the measure of an organism's adaptability to various habitats. |
2. | Fitness reflects the number of mates each individual in the population selects. |
3. | Fitness refers to the relative health of each individual in the population. |
4. | Fitness is a measure of the contribution of a genotype to the gene pool of the next generation. |
According to the Darwinian concept of evolution, a giraffe has a long neck because:
1. | it was always like that since the beginning |
2. | during evolution the number of cervical vertebrae got increased |
3. | its ancestors stretched their necks to get food |
4. | ancestral giraffes with longer necks got more food and left more surviving offspring |
Which one of the following sequences was proposed by Darwin and Wallace for organic evolution?
1. | Overproduction, variations, constancy of population size, natural selection |
2. | Variations, constancy of population size, overproduction, natural selection |
3. | Overproduction, constancy of population size, variations, natural selections |
4. | Variations, natural selection, overproduction, constancy of population size |
What causes the ‘struggle for existence?
1. | overproduction and imbalance with available resources |
2. | innate competitive tendencies |
3. | the decrease in the environmental carrying capacity |
4. | territories and dominance hierarchies |
Consider the following statements:
I: | Nature selects for fitness. |
II: | Fitness is based on characteristics that are inherited. |
III: | Fitness is the end result of the ability to adapt and get selected by nature. |
Which of the above statements are true?
1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II, and III |
Given below are four statements (A-D) each with one or two blanks. Select the option which correctly fills up the blanks in two statements
Statements:
(A) | Wings of butterflies and birds look alike and are the results of , evolution |
(B) | Miller showed that CH4, H2, NH3, and , when exposed to electric discharge in a flask resulted in the formation of . |
(C) | Vermiform appendix is a organ and an evidence pf evolution. |
(D) | According to Darwin evolution took place due to and of the fittest. |
Options:
1. | (A) - (i) convergent, (B) - (ii) oxygen, (ii) nucleosides |
2. | (B) - (i) water vapour, (ii) amino acids, (C) - (i) rudimentary (ii) anatomical |
3. | (C) - (i) vestigial, (ii) anatomical, (D) - (i) mutations, (ii) multiplication |
4. | (D) - (i) small variations, (ii) survival, (A) - (i) convergent |
Which of the following is not a finding observed by Darwin, when he landed on the Galapagos Islands?
1. | Woodpeckers were absent on the islands |
2. | The island species resembled the mainland species |
3. | Islands contain more different species of finches than the mainland |
4. | The corresponding size of the species was smaller on the islands than the species on the mainland |