Semelparous organisms:
1. produce young only late in life
2. produce a large batch of young and die
3. produce young over most of their life
4. produce a single offspring near the end of their reproductive potential

It is much easier for a small animal to run uphill than for a large animal, because:
1. The efficiency of muscles in large animals is less than in the small animals.
2. It is easier to carry a small body weight.
3. Smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate.
4. Small animals have a lower ${\mathrm{O}}_2$ requirement.

What is true for individuals of same species?
1. Live in same niche
2. Live in same habitat
3. Interbreeding
4. Live in different habitat

Which of the following is correct for r-selected species?
1. Large number of progeny with large size.
2. Small number of progeny with small size.
3. Small number of progeny with large size.
4. Large number of progeny with small size.

A keystone species is the one which has
1. A small proportion of total biomass but has huge impact on community’s organisation and survival
2.A plenty of biomass but low impacts on community’s organisation
3. A rare species with little impact on biomass and other species in the community
4. A dominant species which has a large proportion of biomass and which affects many other species