Assertion (A): | Most ecosystems would vanish if the sun were not, continuously, providing energy to the Earth. |
Reason (R): | Ecosystems and living organisms defy second law of thermodynamics. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A). |
2. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A). |
Statement I: | No energy that is trapped into an organism remains in it forever. |
Statement II: | All animals depend on plants [directly or indirectly] for their food requirements. |
Primary carnivores are, most aptly, characterized as:
1. | Secondary producers | 2. | Primary consumers |
3. | Secondary consumers | 4. | Tertiary consumers |
The detritus food chain:
I: | begins with dead organic matter |
II: | is the major conduit of energy flow in aquatic ecosystem. |
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
In a terrestrial ecosystem, a much larger fraction of energy flows through the:
1. | DFC | 2. | GFC |
3. | Either of DFC or GFC | 4. | Nither of DFC nor GFC |
Consider the following statements:
I: | In an aquatic ecosystem, Grazing Food Chain (GFC) is the major conduit for energy flow. |
II: | In a terrestrial ecosystem, Detritus Food Chain (DFC) is the major conduit for energy flow. |
III: | GFC and DFC are not interconnected at any level. |
Which of the above statements are true?
1. | I and II only | 2. | I and III only |
3. | II and III only | 4. | I, II, and III |
In an aquatic food chain, zooplankton occupy which trophic level?
1. | First | 2. | Second |
3. | Third | 4. | Fourth |
If the carbon atoms fixed by producers already have passed through three species, the trophic level of the last species would be
1. | Scavenger | 2. | Tertiary producer |
3. | Tertiary consumer | 4. | Secondary consumer |
Identify the incorrectly matched pair:
1. Carnivores -- secondary or tertiary consumer
2. Decomposers -- microbial heterotrophs
3. Herbivores -- primary consumer
4. Omnivores -- molds, yeasts and mushrooms
Organisms at each trophic level depend on those at the lower level trophic level for their energy demands except:
1. | Primary consumers | 2. | Secondary consumers |
3. | Tertiary consumers | 4. | Decomposers |