The figure given below shows a small part of the human lung where exchange of gases takes place. In which one of the options given below, the one part A, B, C or D is correctly identified along with its function?
1. | A – Alveolar cavity – main site of exchange of respiratory gases |
2. | D – Capillary wall – exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place here |
3. | B – Red blood cell – transport of CO2 mainly. |
4. | C – Arterial capillary – passes oxygen to tissues |
At lungs carbon dioxide diffuses out of the pulmonary capillaries into the alveoli. As a result hemoglobin’s ability to bind to oxygen would:
1. be unstable
2. stay the same
3. decrease
4. increase
Respiration is under neural and chemical regulation. The receptors for chemical regulation are located in the:
1. | walls of the carotid and aortic arteries and in the medulla oblongata. |
2. | walls of the carotid and aortic arteries only. |
3. | medulla oblongata and in the walls of the superior and inferior vena cavas. |
4. | walls of the carotid and aortic arteries and in the walls of the superior and inferior vena cavas. |
What is the primary function of the Pneumotaxic Center in the regulation of respiration in human beings?
1. It increases the rate and depth of breathing
2. It decreases the rate of and depth of breathing
3. It controls the “switch off’ point of inspiration
4. It initiates the “Herring-Breur” reflex
An increase from pH 7.2 to pH 7.4 around hemoglobin causes:
1. Hemoglobin to release all bound oxygen molecules.
2. An increase in the affinity of hemoglobin to bind oxygen molecules.
3. Hemoglobin to denature.
4. An increase in the binding of H+ by hemoglobin.
Column I | Column II | ||
(a) | Tidal volume | (i) | 2500-3000 mL |
(b) | Inspiratory Reserve | (ii) | 1100-1200 mL volume |
(c) | Expiratory Reserve | (iii) | 500-550 mL volume |
(d) | Residual volume | (iv) | 1000-1100 mL |
Options: | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
1. | (iii) | (ii) | (i) | (iv) |
2. | (iii) | (i) | (iv) | (ii) |
3. | (i) | (iv) | (ii) | (iii) |
4. | (iv) | (iii) | (ii) | (i) |
1. | Inflammation of bronchioles; decreased respiratory surface |
2. | Increased number of bronchioles; increased respiratory surface |
3. | Increased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles |
4. | Decreased respiratory surface; inflammation of bronchioles |
The diaphragm and external intercostal muscles are ________ when expiration occurs.
1. contracted
2. relaxed
3. flexed
4. both relaxed (diaphragm) and flexed (intercostal
muscles)
Breathing is best described as
1. Utilisation of O2 by the cells for catabolic reaction.
2. Transport of gases by the blood.
3. The movement of air into and out of the lungs.
4. Diffusion of gases across alveolar membrane
Partial pressure of in alveoli of lungs:
1. Is equal to that in the deoxygenated blood.
2. Is more than that in the deoxygenated blood.
3. Is less than that in the deoxygenated blood.
4. Is more than that of in alveoli.