Three critical research areas of biotechnology are:

I. Providing the best catalyst in the form of improved organism usually a microbe or pure enzyme

II. Multiple Ovulation Transfer Technology (MOET)

III. Creating optimal conditions through engineering for a catalyst to act.

IV. Downstream processing technologies

(1) I, II, III, IV      

(2) I, III, IV          

(3) I, II                 

(4) II and IV

The application of biotechnology include

1. Therapeutics, processed food

2. Diagnostics, bioremediation

3. Genetically modified crops, energy production

4. All of these

Which of the following is not a critical research area of biotechnology

In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to 

(1) Alkaline pH of the insect gut

(2) acidic pH of the insect gut

(3) action of gut microorganisms

(4) presence of conversion factors in insect gut

The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is widely used in contemporary biology as a/an

(1) indicator of water pollution

(2) insecticide

(3) agent for production of dairy products

(4) source of industrial enzyme

What is true about Bt toxin?

1. The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut

2. Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus

3. The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilize it and thus prevent its

multiplication

4. The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins

Cultivation of Bt cotton has been much in the news. The prefix Bt means

(1) "Barium-treated" cotton seeds

(2) "Bigger thread" variety of cotton with better tensile strength

(3) produced by "biotechnology" using restriction enzymes and ligases

(4) carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringienesis.

Genetically modified (GM) crops can be produced by

(1) recombinant DNA technology

(2) somatic hybridization

(3) cross breeding

(4) micropropagation

Bt toxin is harmful to insects like:

(1) Lepidoterans (tobacco budworm, armyworms)

(2) Coleopterans (beetles)

(3) Dipterans (flies and mosquito)

(4) All are correct

Cry toxin acts by