What is true for individuals of same species?
1. Live in same niche
2. Live in same habitat
3. Interbreeding
4. Live in different habitat

Carnivorous animals - lions and leopards, occupy the same niche but lions predate mostly larger animals and leopards take smaller ones. This mechanism of competition is referred to as:

1. Character displacement

2. Altruism

3. Resource partitioning

4. Competitive exclusion

Select the wrongly matched pair

1. Predator - Herbivore.
2. Brood parasitism - Cuckoo.
3. Commensalism - Barnacles on the whale.
4. Mutualism - Sea anemone on a hermit crab.

State True (T) or False (F) for the following statements and select the correct option
a. Mammals from colder climates generally have smaller ears and limbs to minimize the heat loss.
b. Experience of altitude sickness is due to high atmospheric pressure at high altitudes.
c. The size of a population for any species is not a static parameter.
d. Resources for growth for most of the animal population are infinite and become limiting sooner or later.

    a b c d
1. T T T T
2. F T T F
3. F F F F
4. T F T F

behavioural means to cope environmental variations include

1 secretion of solid urine by a kangaroo rat 

2 increase in red blood cell production at high altitude 

3 desert lizard basks in the sunlight when temperature drops below the comfort zone

4 leaves reduced to spines in opuntia 

Study the population growth curves shown in the above diagram.

Which option is the best for curve (i) and (ii)

Find the odd one out about levels of biological
organization:-
1. Biome 

2. Community

3. Species 

4. Population

Choose the odd one out with respect to structure formed in the different organisms during suspended phase

1. Bacteria, fungi               -  Thick wall spores

2. Higher plants                 -  Seed, vegetative propagules

3. Zooplanktons                 -  Diapause stage

4. Ectothermic organisms    -  Torpid state during favourable season

Choose the odd one out with respect to adaptations in organisms

1. Altitude sickness in humans is a physiological means to counteract the stressful condition

2. Biochemical adaptations are seen in organisms present at great depths in oceans

3. Allen's rule is seen in mammals of colder climate

4. Desert lizards lack the physiological and behavioural means to manage their body temperature

A set of characters for desert adaptation are

1. Respiratory roots, salt secreting glands, C₄ cycle

2. Turions, thick cuticle on leaf surface, CAM pathway

3. Phylloclade, stomatal pits, CAM pathway

4. Phyllode, aerenchyma, high OP of cell sap