Assertion (A): | Vessels are particularly advantageous in environments where rapid water transport is needed, such as in tall trees or in plants growing in warm, sunny environments. |
Reason (R): | Tracheids are less efficient in conducting water due to their smaller diameter and the absence of large openings (perforations) at their ends. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A) |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A) |
3. | (A) is True, (R) is False |
4. | (A) is False, (R) is True |
1. | They have thin walls and are living at maturity. |
2. | They are primarily involved in storage of nutrients. |
3. | They have thick, lignified secondary walls and are usually dead at maturity. |
4. | They are large, vacuolated, and specialized for conduction. |
Statement I: | Parenchyma cells are loosely packed and have large intercellular spaces. |
Statement II: | Collenchyma cells are thin-walled and primarily serve to transport nutrients. |
1. | Only Statement I is correct. |
2. | Only Statement II is correct. |
3. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct. |
4. | Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect |
Assertion (A): | The presence of a casparian strip is characteristic of the endodermis in plant roots. |
Reason (R): | The casparian strip is made up of cellulose and pectin which helps in regulating the flow of substances into the vascular tissue. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
I: | Sclerenchyma cells are typically dead and have thickened lignified walls that help in providing structural support. |
II: | Xylem tissues are primarily involved in the storage of proteins and starch. |
III: | Phloem tissues are responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. |
IV: | Parenchyma cells are versatile cells that can store food, and are also involved in photosynthesis and repair. |
1. | Absorb water from the soil. |
2. | Exchange gases with the environment, primarily for photosynthesis and respiration. |
3. | Transport nutrients from the roots to other parts of the plant. |
4. | Protect against herbivores by secreting defensive compounds |
Column I [Plant part] |
Column II [Type of vascular bundle] |
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A | Monocot root | P | Radial, two to four patches |
B | Dicot root | Q | Radial, polyarch |
C | Monocot stem | R | Conjoint, open, ring arrangement |
D | Dicot stem | S | Conjoint, Closed and scattered |
A | B | C | D | |
1. | P | Q | R | S |
2. | Q | P | R | S |
3. | Q | P | S | R |
4. | P | Q | S | R |
I: | Monocots have companion cells, dicots do not. |
II: | Monocots have sieve tubes, while dicots have sieve cells. |
Statement I: | Gymnosperms lack albuminous cells and sieve cells. |
Statement II: | Gymnosperms have sieve tubes and companion cells. |