ATP synthase is located in the mitochondrial:
1. | matrix | 2. | electron transport chain |
3. | outer membrane | 4. | inner membrane |
1. | undergoes oxidative decarboxylation in cytosol itself by a complex set of reactions catalysed by pyruvic kinase. |
2. | undergoes reduction in cytosol itself by a complex set of reactions catalysed by pyruvic dehydrogenase. |
3. | undergoes oxidative decarboxylation in mitochondrial matrix by a complex set of reactions catalysed by pyruvic dehydrogenase. |
4. | undergoes oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondrial matrix by a complex set of reactions catalysed by pyruvic decarboxylase. |
I: | The F1 headpiece is a peripheral membrane protein complex and contains the site for synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. |
II: | F0 is an integral membrane protein complex that forms the channel through which protons cross the inner membrane. |
III: | The F0 headpiece is a peripheral membrane protein complex and contains the site for synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. |
IV: | F1 is an integral membrane protein complex that forms the channel through which protons cross the inner membrane. |
I: | Fermentation accounts for only a partial breakdown of glucose, whereas in aerobic respiration, it is completely degraded to CO2 and H2O. |
II: | In fermentation, there is a net gain of only two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose degraded to pyruvic acid, whereas many more molecules of ATP are generated under aerobic conditions. |
III: | NADH is oxidised to NAD+ rather slowly in fermentation, however, the reaction is very vigorous in case of aerobic respiration. |
Assertion (A): | When carbohydrates are used as respiratory substrate and are completely oxidised, the RQ will be 1. |
Reason (R): | Equal amounts of CO2 and O2 are evolved and consumed, when carbohydrates are used as respiratory substrate and are completely oxidised. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
Assertion (A): | During oxidation within a cell, all the energy contained in respiratory substrates is released free into the cell, in a single step. |
Reason (R): | The energy released by oxidation in respiration is not (or rather cannot be) used directly but is used to synthesise ATP. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |