I: | Transport of gases from the respiratory surface to the cells |
II: | Breakdown of food material within the cell to release energy |
III: | Trapping of energy released during the breakdown of food material within the cell for synthesis of ATP |
1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only I and III |
3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
The products of fermentation do not include:
1. | CO2 | 2. | O2 |
3. | ethanol | 4. | lactate |
A: | The partial oxidation of pyruvate by the stepwise removal of all the hydrogen atoms, leaving six molecules of CO2. |
B: | The passing on of the electrons removed as part of the hydrogen atoms to molecular O2 with simultaneous synthesis of ATP. |
1. | is transported from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria. |
2. | undergoes oxidative decarboxylation in the cytosol. |
3. | is reduced to lactate in liver. |
4. | is transported from the cytoplasm first into the Golgi apparatus, where it is packaged and then transported into the mitochondrion. |
Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate produces:
1. | 2. Citrate |
3. Acetyl-CoA | 4. G3P |
1. | undergoes oxidative decarboxylation in cytosol itself by a complex set of reactions catalysed by pyruvic kinase. |
2. | undergoes reduction in cytosol itself by a complex set of reactions catalysed by pyruvic dehydrogenase. |
3. | undergoes oxidative decarboxylation in mitochondrial matrix by a complex set of reactions catalysed by pyruvic dehydrogenase. |
4. | undergoes oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondrial matrix by a complex set of reactions catalysed by pyruvic decarboxylase. |
1. | Pyruvate is oxidised to acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide. |
2. | Glucose is phosphorylated twice using ATP. |
3. | ATP is synthesized from ADP and inorganic phosphate. |
4. | Pyruvate is reduced to acetyl-CoA and carbon dioxide. |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase activity during aerobic respiration requires:
1. | Calcium | 2. | Iron |
3. | Cobalt | 4. | Magnesium |
Pyruvic acid, the key product of glycolysis can have many metabolic fates. Under aerobic condition, it forms
1. | Lactic acid | 2. | CO2 + H2O |
3. | Acetyl CoA + CO2 | 4. | Ethanol + CO2 |