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Q. No.Match each item in Column I with one in Column II and select the correct match from the codes given:
Column I
[Organism]
Column II
[Osmoregulatory and excretory structure]
A
Flatworms, rotifers, Amphioxus
P
Protonephridia
B
Earthworm
Q
Nephridia
C
Insects
R
Malpighian tubule
D
Prawn
S
Green gland or antennal gland
Codes:
A
B
C
D
1.
P
Q
R
S
2.
Q
R
S
P
3.
R
S
P
Q
4.
S
P
Q
R
[Organism]
[Osmoregulatory and excretory structure]
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
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Identify the correct statements:
| I: | Each kidney of an adult human measures 10-12 cm in length, 5-7 cm in width and 2-3 cm in thickness. |
| II: | The DCTs of many nephrons open into a straight tube called collecting duct. |
| III: | Each nephron has two parts – the glomerulus and the renal tubule. |
| IV: | The renal tubule begins with the proximal convoluted tubule. |
| 1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only I, II and III |
| 3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II, III and IV |
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Functions | Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
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Identify the incorrect statement:
| 1. | The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water but almost impermeable to electrolytes. |
| 2. | The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water but allows transport of electrolytes actively or passively. |
| 3. | DCT is capable of reabsorption of bicarbonate ions and selective secretion of hydrogen and potassium ions and ammonia to maintain the pH and electrolyte balance in the body. |
| 4. | PCT does not play any role in reabsorption of bicarbonate ions and selective secretion of hydrogen and ammonia to maintain the pH and electrolyte balance in the body. |
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 |
87%
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Collecting duct does not:
| I: | allow reabsorption of large amount of water during concentration of urine. |
| II: | allow passage of small amounts of urea into medullary interstitium to keep up the osmolarity. |
| III: | play a role in the maintenance of pH and ionic balance of blood by the selective secretion of H+ and K+ ions. |
| 1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only III |
| 3. | Only II | 4. | I, II and III are incorrect |
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 | Concentration of Urine |
51%
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The osmolarity of interstitial fluid in renal cortex of vertebrates is about _____ mOsm per litre, which can be increased to about _______ mOsm per litre in the inner medulla during concentration of urine by the kidneys.
| 1. | 1200, 300 | 2. | 300, 1200 |
| 3. | 300, 600 | 4. | 600, 300 |
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine |
93%
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During hemodialysis:
| I: | Cellophane tube in a dialysing unit acts as artificial kidney. |
| II: | Heparin is added to the blood before it is passed on to the dialysing unit. |
| III: | The cleared blood is pumped back to the body through a vein after adding anti-heparin to it. |
1. Only I is correct
2. Only I and II are correct
3. Only II and III are correct
4. I, II and III are correct
Subtopic: CRF & Hemodialysis |
84%
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The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised
1. in kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver
2. in kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys
3. in liver and also eliminated by the same through bile
4. in the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
91%
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What would be true about the role of collecting duct in the concentration of urine by the kidneys?
| I: | Allows passage of small amounts of urea into the medullary interstitium |
| II: | Large amounts of water could be reabsorbed from this part to produce a concentrated urine. |
| 1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
| 3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 | Concentration of Urine |
81%
From NCERT
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Potassium ions:
| I: | are filtered at the glomerulus |
| II: | are reabsorbed at the PCT |
| III: | are secreted at DCT |
| 1. | I & II only | 2. | I & III only |
| 3. | II & III only | 4. | I, II & III |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | Terrestrial adaptation in animals necessitated the production of lesser toxic nitrogenous metabolic wastes. |
| Reason (R): | Terrestrial animals must conserve water. |
| 1. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
81%
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