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Q. No.Vasa recta:
I:
is a fine capillary network around the renal tubule formed by efferent arteriole.
II:
runs parallel to the Henle’s loop in juxtamedullary nephrons.
III:
is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons.
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II and III are correct
3. Only III is correct
4. I, II and III are correct
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Functions |
From NCERT
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Urine formation involves three main processes, including all of the following, except:
1. Glomerular filtration
2. Reabsorption
3. Tubular secretion
4. Synthesis of urea by JG cells
1. Glomerular filtration
2. Reabsorption
3. Tubular secretion
4. Synthesis of urea by JG cells
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
96%
From NCERT
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The epithelial cells of Bowman’s capsule, arranged in an intricate manner so as to leave some minute spaces called filtration slits or slit pores, are called as:
| 1. | Macula densa | 2. | Juxtaglomerular cells |
| 3. | Podocytes | 4. | Mesangial cells |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
96%
From NCERT
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A comparison of the volume of the filtrate formed per day with that of the urine released suggests that nearly:
| 1. | 20% of the cardiac output is received by the kidneys. |
| 2. | 20% of the renal plasma flow is filtered at the glomerulus. |
| 3. | 99% of the filtrate has to be reabsorbed by the renal tubules. |
| 4. | 3% of the filtrate gets converted into urine. |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
91%
From NCERT
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Consider the two statements:
1. Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect
2. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect
| Statement I: | JGA is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the proximal convoluted tubule and the efferent arteriole at the location of their contact. |
| Statement II: | A fall in GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which can stimulate the glomerular blood flow and thereby the GFR back to normal. |
2. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
79%
From NCERT
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | Tubular secretion helps in the maintenance of ionic and acid-base balance of body fluids. |
| Reason (R): | During urine formation, the tubular cells secrete substances like H+, K+ and ammonia into the filtrate. |
| 1. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
81%
From NCERT
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The average osmolality of most of the body fluids in the human body under normal physiological condition is about:
1. 300 mOsmolL–1
2. 600 mOsmolL–1
3. 900 mOsmolL–1
4. 1200 mOsmolL–1
1. 300 mOsmolL–1
2. 600 mOsmolL–1
3. 900 mOsmolL–1
4. 1200 mOsmolL–1
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine: I | Concentration of Urine: II | Concentration of Urine |
70%
From NCERT
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Consider the given two statements regarding the mechanism of increasing medullary interstitium osmolarity when kidney is trying to produce concentrated urine:
1. Statement I is correct: Statement II is incorrect
2. Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is correct: Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is incorrect
| Statement I: | NaCl is transported by the ascending limb of Henle’s loop which is exchanged with the descending limb of vasa recta. |
| Statement II: | NaCl is returned to the interstitium by the ascending portion of vasa recta. |
2. Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is correct: Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is incorrect
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine |
83%
From NCERT
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The human kidneys can produce urine concentrated nearly:
1. two times than the initial filtrate formed.
2. four times than the initial filtrate formed.
3. six times than the initial filtrate formed.
4. eight times than the initial filtrate formed.
1. two times than the initial filtrate formed.
2. four times than the initial filtrate formed.
3. six times than the initial filtrate formed.
4. eight times than the initial filtrate formed.
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine |
94%
From NCERT
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The main function of aldosterone in Renin-Angiotensin mechanism is:
| 1. | It converts angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin I. |
| 2. | It is a powerful vasodilator. |
| 3. | It causes reabsorption of Na+ and water from the distal parts of the tubule. |
| 4. | It activate the JG cells to release rennin. |
Subtopic: Autoregulation of GFR |
78%
From NCERT
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