1. | The central nervous system includes the brain and the spinal cord. |
2. | The peripheral nervous system comprises of all the nerves of the body associated with the central nervous system. |
3. | The afferent nerve fibers transmit regulatory impulses from the central nervous system to the concerned peripheral tissues or organs. |
4. | The peripheral nervous system is divided into two divisions called somatic neural system and autonomic neural system |
1. | The membrane potential remains constant, indicating a steady state of ion exchange across the neuron membrane. |
2. | Sodium ions rapidly enter the neuron, causing the membrane potential to become more negative, followed by the exit of potassium ions which restores the membrane to its resting potential. |
3. | Potassium ions rapidly exit the neuron, leading to hyperpolarization first, followed by sodium ions entering the neuron to return to the resting potential. |
4. | Sodium ions rapidly enter the neuron, making the inside more positive (depolarization), followed by potassium ions exiting the neuron, which restores the membrane to its resting potential (repolarization). |
1. | Electrical synapses allow the direct flow of ions from one neuron to another, while chemical synapses involve the release of neurotransmitters. |
2. | Chemical synapses can transmit signals faster than electrical synapses. |
3. | Electrical synapses involve neurotransmitters, whereas chemical synapses do not. |
4. | Chemical synapses are found in the heart, while electrical synapses are found in the brain. |
1. | Regulate heart rate and blood pressure. |
2. | Control voluntary movements and coordinate fine motor skills. |
3. | Control emotions and produce feelings. |
4. | Regulate body temperature and water balance. |
I: | low concentration of K+ |
II: | high concentration of negatively charged proteins |
III: | high concentration of Na+ |
Consider the given two statements:
Assertion (A): | Myelinated neurons transmit nerve impulses faster than unmyelinated neurons. |
Reason (R): | Myelinated neurons form electrical synapse wile unmyelinated neurons form chemical synapse. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
1. | Moves 3 Na+ ions out of the cell and 2 K+ ions into the cell against their concentration gradients. |
2. | Moves 2 Na+ ions into the cell and 3 K+ ions out of the cell using ATP. |
3. | Does not require ATP to function. |
4. | Is involved in the generation of the resting membrane potential. |
Column I | Column II | ||
A. | Cerebrum | i. | Coordination of movement and balance |
B. | Cerebellum | ii. | Regulation of heart rate and breathing |
C. | Medulla oblongata | iii. | Seat of intelligence, memory, and emotions |
Assertion (A): | Electrical synapses are rarer than chemical synapses in human body. |
Reason(R): | Electrical synapses are faster than chemical synapses. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |