I: | Transport of gases from the respiratory surface to the cells |
II: | Breakdown of food material within the cell to release energy |
III: | Trapping of energy released during the breakdown of food material within the cell for synthesis of ATP |
1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only I and III |
3. | Only II and III | 4. | I, II and III |
I: | ATP is used as the energy currency of the cell. |
II: | ATP molecule has two high energy bonds. |
Energy released by oxidation in respiration:
1. can use only carbohydrates as respiratory substrate
2. is all released free into the cell
3. is all released in a single step
4. cannot be used directly
Assertion (A): | During oxidation within a cell, all the energy contained in respiratory substrates is released free into the cell, in a single step. |
Reason (R): | The energy released by oxidation in respiration is not (or rather cannot be) used directly but is used to synthesise ATP. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
1. | Each plant part takes care of its own gas-exchange needs. |
2. | Plants present great demands for gas exchange. |
3. | The distance that gases must diffuse even in large, bulky plants is not great. |
4. | Each living cell in a plant is located quite close to the surface of the plant. |
Which of the following have the capability and enzymatic machinery to achieve partial oxidation of glucose without the help of oxygen?
1. All living organisms
2. All prokaryotes only
3. Only obligate anaerobes and all prokaryotes
4. Only facultative and obligate anaerobes
Consider the two statements:
Statement I: | Inside a cell, the glucose molecule is oxidised not in one step but in several small steps. |
Statement II: | Some steps will be just large enough such that energy liberated can be coupled to ATP synthesis. |
1. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I |
2. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I |
3. | Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect |
4. | Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct |
Sucrose is converted into glucose and fructose by the enzyme:
1. Sucrase | 2. Aldolase |
3. Invertase | 4. Zymase |
Assertion (A): | Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of plant cells. |
Reason (R): | Glycolysis does not require oxygen, making it an anaerobic process. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
A: | ATP production takes place by substrate-level phosphorylation. |
B: | ATP is used and produced. |
C: | The end products are carbon dioxide and water. |