Assertion (A): | During pregnancy, the level of several hormones like estrogens, progestogens, cortisol, prolactin, thyroxine, etc are increased several folds in the maternal blood. |
Reason (R): | Increased production of these hormones is essential for supporting the foetal growth, metabolic changes in the mother, and maintenance of pregnancy. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | (A) is false but (R) is true. |
(i) | Relaxin is secreted by the ovary in the later phase of pregnancy. |
(ii) | Inner cell mass differentiates into ectoderm and endoderm just before implantation. |
(iii) | Implantation leads to pregnancy. |
(iv) | Embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called morula. |
Column I | Column II | ||
a. | Breasts in lactating mothers | (i) | Presence or absence is not a reliable indicator of virginity |
b. | Colostrum | (ii) | Cushion of fatty tissue covered by skin and pubic hairs |
c. | Mons pubis | (iii) | Contains several antibodies absolutely essential for newborns |
d. | Hymen | (iv) | 15-20 mammary lobes each |
Column I | Column II | ||
a. | Perimetrium | (i) | Inner glandular layer of uterus |
b. | Myometrium | (ii) | External thin membrane of uterus |
c. | Endometrium | (iii) | Middle thick layer of smooth muscles |
Column I | Column II | ||
a. | Parturition | (i) | Release of ovum from ruptured Graafian follicle |
b. | Menopause | (ii) | Delivery of the baby |
c. | Ovulation | (iii) | Blastocyst becomes embedded in endometrium |
d. | Implantation | (iv) | Menstrual cycles ceases around age of 50 years in human female |
Statement-A: | High concentration of estrogens will eventually cause release of ovum from the Graafian follicle |
Statement-B: | In human beings, most of the major organ systems are formed by the end of first trimester |
Statement A: | The ovulatory phase is followed by luteal phase during which the remaining parts of the Graffian follicle transforms into the corpus luteum |
Statement B: | Cyclic menstruation is an indicator of normal reproductive phase and extends between menarche and menopause |
Column-I | Column-II | ||
a. | Sertoli cells | (i) | Starts only after attaining puberty |
b. | Ovarian follicles | (ii) | Induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism |
c. | Menstrual cycle | (iii) | Are found embedded in stroma |
d. | Parturition | (iv) | Provide nutrition to the dividing germ cells |
(a) | Inner cell mass gets differentiated as the embryo after implantation |
(b) | After attachment of embryo with uterus, the uterine cells divide rapidly and cover the blastocyst |
(c) | The blastocyst continues to divide and transforms into morula |
(d) | After implantation, the blastocyst becomes embedded within myometrium of uterus |