Listed below are four respiratory capacities (1-4) and four jumbled respiratory volumes of a normal human adult.
Respiratory capacities | Respiratory volume | |
(a) | Residual volume | 2500 mL |
(b) | Vital capacity | 3500 mL |
(c) | Inspiratory reserve volume | 1200 mL |
(d) | Inspiratory capacity | 4500 mL |
Which one of the following is the correct matching of two capacities and volumes?
1. (a) 2500 mL, (d) 4500 mL
2. (c) 1200 mL, (a) 2500 mL
3. (b) 4500 mL, (c) 2500 mL
4. (d) 4500 mL, (b) 3500 mL
1. | Inspiratory reserve volume plus tidal volume |
2. | Total lung capacity minus expiratory reserve volume |
3. | Inspiratory reserve volume plus expiratory reserve volume |
4. | Total lung capacity minus residual volume |
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
1. | The residual air in the lungs slightly decreases the efficiency of respiration in mammals |
2. | The presence of non-respiratory air sacs increases the efficiency of respiration in birds |
3. | In mammals, circulating body fluids serve to distribute oxygen to tissues |
4. | The principle of countercurrent flow facilitates efficient respiration in the gills of fishes |