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Bacteria that are unable to synthesize chemicals that allow the formation of ice crystals have been engineered. Commercial fruit farmers can spray this bacterial strain on their fruit plants, with the idea that they will compete with unmodified bacteria and reduce frost damage. This is an example of:

Which of the following explains why production of transgenic plants is easier than production of transgenic animals?
1. Plant cells can grow in cell culture.
2. Plant cells have a lower number of potentially lethal genes.
3. Plant cells are totipotent.
4. Production of mutant plants poses less ethical dilemmas than production of mutant animals.

An important limitation to the use of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is that it can not:
1. infect dicots
2. be genetically modified
3. be cultured on a nutrient medium
4. infect crop plants such as wheat and corn

Pusa komal is disease resistance variety of?
1. Cauliflower
2. Brassica
3. Cowpea
4. Chilli

Virus free plants can be obtained by
1. Only apical meristem
2. Only axillary meristem
3. Apical and axillary meristem
4. Embryo culture

Which of the following in not the objective of bio fortification
1. Improvement of protein content and quality.
2. Increase oil content & quality
3. Reduction in micro nutrient and mineral content.
4. Improvement of vitamin content

Atlas 66 is a variety of
1. Wheat
2. Bhindi
3. Rice
4. Sugar cane

The most practical means to improve public health and enriching foods with vitamins and minerals would include.
1. Micropropagation
2. Use of single cell proteins
3. Biofortification
4. Developing pest resistant crops

By cross hybridisation of Saccharum barberi and Saccharum officinarum sugarcane varieties obtained have the desired qualities except one of the following
1. High yield.
2. High levels of sugar.
3. Resistance to jassids.
4. Thick stems.

Which of the following varieties is not associated with the increase in rice production during green revolution.
1. IR8
2. Jaya
3. Kalyan Sona
4. Ratna

Find the wrong match.
1. Wheat → Pusa Shubra
2. Cauliflower → Pusa Snowball K-1
3. Chilli → Pusa Sadabahar
4. Brassica → Pusa Swarnim

Somaclones are produced by
1.Micropropagation                   
2.Mutation
3.Polyploidy                             
4.Hybridisation

In wheat, stem sawfly unable to cause destruction of crop due to
1.Low nitrogen and sugar content
2.Hollow stem
3.Solid stem
4.Nectar-less flowers

Classical plant breeding involves:
1. Hybridisation of pure lines
2. Domestication
3. Tissue culture
4. Using molecular genetic tools

Resistance to yellow mosaic virus in Abelmoschus esculentus was transferred from a wild species and a new variety was produced, which is called:
1. Pusa sawani
2. Pusa A-4
3. Parbhani kranti
4. Himgiri

High aspartic acid, low nitrogen and sugar content in maize lead to resistance in maize against:
1. Aphids
2. Stem borers
3. Jassids
4. Stem sawfly

Select the incorrect statement with respect to Atlas 66:
1. A wheat variety having high protein content
2. Used as a donor for improving cultivated wheat
3. Is a variety of mexican dwarf wheat
4. Has been used for biofortification

Find the mis-match:
1. Explant - Plant part used for tissue culture
2. Somaclones - Variations produced during micropropagation
3. Callus - Undifferentiated mass of cells
4. Totipotency- Capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell

Nucleopolyhedrovirus are:
1. Broad-spectrum insecticides
2. Effective against several plant pathogens
3. Harmful to non-target insects
4. Used as biological control agents

Arrange the main steps of plant breeding sequentially
I. Cross-hybridisation among the selected parents.
II. Evaluation and selection of parents.
III. Selection and testing of superior recombinants.
IV. Testing, release and commercialization of new cultivars.
V. Collection of variability.
1. II V I IV III
2. V II III I IV
3. V II I III IV
4. II I V III IV

Germplasm collection is in the form of
1. Seeds
2. Whole plant
3. Tissue
4. All of these

If we were to list the traits or characters that the breeders have tried to incorporate into crop plants, the first will be
1. Resistance to pathogens.
2. Increased tolerance to insect pests.
3. Increased tolerance to salinity and drought.
4. Crop yield and improved quality.

Agriculture contributes about _____ of India’s GDP and gives employment to _______ of the population
1. 15%, 18%
2. 33%, 62%
3. 62%, 33%
4. 62%, 70%

Mutation breeding
1. Is the use of induced mutations in plant breeding to develop improved varieties.
2. Can be done only by physical mutagens.
3. Has led to the development of mung bean resistant to yellow mosaic virus (YMV) and
powdery mildew
4. Both 1. and 3.

Before the transfer, plantlets from a tissue culture lab into the field, these plantlets are adapted to tolerate harsh environments outside. This process is called
1. Hardening
2. Suspension
3. Regeneration
4. Heterosis