The vitamin whose content increases following the conversion of milk into curd by lactic acid bacteria is:
1. | vitamin C | 2. | vitamin D |
3. | vitamin B12 | 4. | vitamin E |
Match the items in Column ‘A’ and Column ‘B’ and choose the correct answer:
Column I | Column II | ||
A. | Lady bird | i. | Methanobacterium |
B. | Mycorrhiza | ii. | Trichoderma |
C. | Biological control | iii. | Aphids |
D. | Biogas | iv. | Glomus |
The correct answer is:
1. A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i
2. A-iii, B-iv, C-ii, D-i
3. A-iv, B-i, C-ii, D-iii
4. A-iii, B-ii, C-i, D-iv
Which one of the following options gives the correct matching of a disease with its causative organism and mode of infection.
Disease |
Causative Organisms |
Mode of Infection |
|
1. |
Typhoid |
Salmonella typhi |
With inspired air |
2. |
Pneumonia |
Streptococcus pneumoniae |
Droplet infection |
3. |
Elephantiasis |
Wuchereria bancrofti |
infected water and food |
4. |
Malaria |
Plasmodium vivax |
Bite of male anopheles mosquito |
A cloning vector has two antibiotic resistance genes- for tetracycline and ampicillin. A foreign DNA was inserted into the tetracycline gene. Non-recombinants transformants would survive on the medium containing:
1. ampicillin but not tetracycline
2. tetracycline but not ampicillin
3. both tetracycline and ampicillin
4. neither tetracycline nor ampicillin
Cancerous cells can easily be destroyed by radiation due to the:
1. Rapid cell division
2. Lack of nutrition
3. Fast mutation
4. Lack of oxygen
I: | Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is often used as an indicator of the degree of organic pollution of water. |
II: | An increase in BOD is used as a gauge of the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants. |
1. | Only I is correct | 2. | Only II is correct |
3. | Both I and II are correct | 4. | Both I and II are incorrect |
Select the correct statement from the ones given below:
1. | Morphine is often given to persons who have undergone surgery as a painkiller. |
2. | Chewing tobacco lowers blood pressure and heart rate. |
3. | Cocaine is given to patients after surgery as it stimulates recovery. |
4. | Barbiturates when given to criminals make them tell the truth. |
At which stage of HIV infection does one usually shows symptoms of AIDS?
1. | When viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase. |
2. | When HIV replicates rapidly in helper T-lymphocytes and damages a large number of these. |
3. | Within 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person. |
4. | When the infecting retrovirus enters host cells. |
Colostrum, the yellowish fluid, secreted by mother during the initial days of lactation is very essential to impart immunity to newborn infants because it contains:
1. | Immunoglobulin A |
2. | Natural killer cells |
3. | Monocytes |
4. | Macrophages |
Grafted kidney may be rejected in a patient due to:
1. Cell-mediated immune response
2. Passive immune response
3. Innate immune response
4. Humoral immune response
Match the following list of bacteria and their commercially important products:
Bacterium | Product | ||
A. | Aspergillus niger | i. | Lactic acid |
B. | Acetobacter aceti | ii. | Butyric acid |
C. | Clostridium butylicum | iii. | Acetic acid |
D. | Lactobacillus | iv. | Citric acid |
Choose the correct match:
A | B | C | D | |
1. | ii | iii | iv | i |
2. | ii | iv | iii | i |
3. | iv | iii | ii | i |
4. | iv | i | iii | ii |
The primary treatment of wastewater involves the removal of:
1. | dissolved impurities | 2. | stable particles |
3. | toxic substances | 4. | harmful bacteria |
The best explants for obtaining virus-free plants in micropropagation are:
1. | Meristems |
2. | Embryos |
3. | Anther |
4. | Permanent tissue |
Which of the following alcoholic drinks are produced without distillation?
1. Whiskey and Brandy
2. Brandy and Rum
3. Wine and Beer
4. Wine and Brandy
‘Competence’ for transformation can be induced in certain bacteria if they are treated with:
1. | Specific concentration of divalent cation like calcium |
2. | Polyethylene glycol |
3. | Cellulase to create protoplast |
4. | Colchicine |
Silencing of mRNA has been used in producing transgenic plants resistant to:
1. | Bollworms | 2. | Nematodes |
3. | White rusts | 4. | Bacterial blights |
What is the criterion for DNA fragments movement on agarose gel during gel electrophoresis?
1. | The larger the fragment size, the farther it moves |
2. | The smaller the fragment size, the farther it moves |
3. | Positive charged fragment moves to farther end |
4. | Negatively charged fragments do not move |
Elution is:
1. | separating the restricted DNA fragments on agarose gel |
2. | staining the separated DNA fragments with ethidium bromide |
3. | cutting out of the separated bands of DNA from the agarose gel and extracting them from the gel piece |
4. | constructing rDNA by joining the purified DNA fragments to the cloning vector |
Corn borer in cotton can be controlled by the proteins encoded by the gene:
1. cryIAc
2. cryIIAb
3. cryIAb
4. cryIIAc
DNA precipitation out of a mixture of biomolecules can be achieved by treatment with:
1. | Chilled chloroform |
2. | isopropanal |
3. | Chilled ethanol |
4. | Methanol at room temperature |
The exploitation of bioresources of a nation by multinational companies without authorization from the concerned country is referred to as:
1. Bioweapon
2. Biopiracy
3. Bioethics
4. Biowar
Which of the following is not an application of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?
1. Purification of isolated protein
2. Detection of gene mutation
3. Molecular diagnosis
4. Gene amplification
1. | Flavr savr tomatoes |
2. | Starlink maize |
3. | Bt soybean |
4. | Golden rice |
Epiphytes:
1. are aerial vines common in tropical regions
2. are parasitic and use haustoria
3. live in oligotrophic soil and digest insects to obtain nitrogen
4. grow on other plants but do not obtain nutrients from their hosts
Inspite of interspecific competition in nature, which mechanism the competing species might have evolved for their survival?
1. | Mutualism |
2. | Predation |
3. | Resource partitioning |
4. | Competitive release |
Ecological niche is:(NCERT Exemplar)
1. The surface area of the ocean
2. An ecologically adapted zone
3. The physical position and functional role of a species within the community
4. Formed of all plants and animals living at the bottom of a lake
If the mean and the median pertaining to a certain character of a population are of the same value, the following is most likely to occur:
1. a normal distribution
2. a bi-modal distribution
3. a T-shaped curve
4. a skewed curve
Earliest vascular plants on land acquired water and mineral nutrients most likely by:
1. absorption by trichomes.
2. diffusion through stomata.
3. the help of symbiotic mycorrhizae.
4. osmosis through the root hairs.
1. | the number of individuals in the pre-reproductive age group are more than the number of individuals in the reproductive age group. |
2. | the number of individuals in the reproductive age group are less than the number of individuals in the post-reproductive age group. |
3. | the number of individuals in the reproductive age group are equal to the number of individuals in the reproductive age group. |
4. | the number of individuals in the pre-reproductive age group are less than the number of individuals in the reproductive age group. |
According to Alexander von Humboldt :
(1) Species richness decreases with increasing area of exploration
(2) Species richness increases with the increasing area, but only up to limit
(3) There is no relationship between species richness and area explored.
(4) Species richness goes on increasing with increasing area of exploration
Exploration of molecular, genetic, and species level diversity for novel products of economic importance is known as:
1. Biopiracy
2. Bioenergetics
3. Bioremediation
4. Bioprospecting
An example of ex-situ conservation is:
1. National park
2. Seed bank
3. Wildlife sanctuary
4. Sacred grove
1. | Finite Population | 2. | Declining Population |
3. | Stabilising Population | 4. | Expanding Population |
The biomass available for consumption by the herbivores and the decomposers is called
1. Secondary productivity
2. Standing crop
3. Gross primary productivity
4. Net primary productivity
Match the trophic levels with their correct species examples in the green land ecosystem:
Column I | Column II | ||
(1) | Fourth trophic level | (i) | Cow |
(2) | Second trophic level | (ii) | Vulture |
(3) | First trophic level | (iii) | Rabbit |
(4) | Third trophic level | (iv) | Grass |
Select the correct option:
(a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
1. | (iii) | (ii) | (i) | (iv) |
2. | (iv) | (iii) | (ii) | (i) |
3. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
4. | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) | (i) |
I: | grows on other plants for physical support |
II: | affects the host negatively |
1. | Only I is correct | 2. | Only II is correct |
3. | Both I and II are correct | 4. | Both I and II are incorrect |
Which of the following is the most important cause of animals and plants being driven to extinction?
1. Co - extinctions
2. Over - exploitation
3. Alien species invasion
4. Habitat loss and fragmentation
1. | Pyramid A is of 2020 as it has a broader base |
2. | Pyramid B is of 2000 as it has more females in the younger age groups |
3. | Pyramid B is of 2020 as it has more females in the younger age groups |
4. | Pyramid A is of 2000 as it has a broader base |
1. | Kerala | 2. | Madhya Pradesh |
3. | Assam | 4. | Uttarakhand |
According to Robert May, global species diversity is about:
1. 20 Million
2. 50 Million
3. 7 Million
4. 1.5 Million
The extent of the global diversity of invertebrates is represented in the image below. Choose the correct combination of groups (A-D) respectively:
A | B | C | D | |
1. | Insects | Crustaceans | Other animal groups | Molluscs |
2. | Crustaceans | Insects | Molluscs | Other animal groups |
3. | Molluscs | Other animal groups | Crustaceans | Insects |
4 | Insects | Molluscs | Crustaceans | Other animal groups |
I: | is a largely tropical rainforest in South Africa |
II: | has the greatest biodiversity on Earth |
III: | produces about 20% of total oxygen in the earth’s atmosphere through photosynthesis |
1. | Only I and II are correct |
2. | Only I and III are correct |
3. | Only II and III are correct |
4. | I, II and III are correct |
1. | Narrowly utilitarian | 2. | Broadly utilitarian |
3. | Ethical | 4. | Useless |
Assertion (A): | It makes sense to make concentrated efforts to conserve hotspots of biodiversity. |
Reason (R): | They cover majority of the area of the planet earth. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |
1. | Narrowly utilitarian | 2. | Ethical |
3. | Broadly utilitarian | 4. | Sustainable |
1. | Connell | Competitive release |
2. | Gauss | Competitive exclusion principle |
3. | MacArthur | Resource partitioning |
4. | Tillman | Rivet popper hypothesis |