Target DPP Test

1.

The sensory neuron enters the spinal cord through:

1.	The dorsal root of the spinal nerve
2.	The ventral root of the spinal nerve
3.	Either dorsal or ventral root depending on the point of origin
4.	Both dorsal and ventral roots of the spinal nerves

2.

In a chemical synapse, when an impulse arrives at the axon terminal, it:
1. leads to the opening of the calcium channels at the post-synaptic membrane.
2. Stimulates the fusion of synaptic vesicles towards the pre-synaptic membrane.
3. causes the binding of the neurotransmitter of its receptors on the post-synaptic neuron.
4. activates the opening of the potassium channels in the axon terminal.

3.

Receptor sites for neurotransmitters are present on
1. membrances of synaptic vesicles
2. pre-synaptic membrane
3. tips of axons
4. post-synaptic membrane

4.

Which of the following minerals reduces the excitability of nerves and muscles?
1. Potassium
2. Sodium
3. Magnesium
4. Manganese

5.

Assertion : After hearing a sound, nerve impulse passes from neurons to the brain.
Reason : The neurons which pass nerve impulses from the body organ to the brain is called afferent neuron.

6.

In our body, which of the following systems do not jointly coordinate and integrate all the activities of the organs so that they function in a synchronised fashion?

(1) Neural system
(2) Endocrine system
(3) Circulatory system
(4) Both B and C

7.

PNS does not consist of

1. Afferent Fibres
2. Efferent Fibres
3. Nerve fibres
4. All Neuroglial Cells

8.

PNS does not belong to which of the following system?

(1) Somatic Neural System
(2) Autonomic Neural System
(3) Central Neural system
(4) Both A and B

9.

Autonomic Neural system relays impulses
1. From skeletal muscles to CNS
2. From CNS to skeletal muscles
3. From visceral muscles to CNS
4. From CNS to visceral muscles

10.

In retina of eye which kind of axons are found?

(1) Multipolar
(2) Bipolar
(3) Unipolar
(4) Apolar

11.

Unmyelinated nerve fibres are enclosed by

(1) Schwann cells
(2) Myelin sheath
(3) No shwann cells and myelin sheath
(4) Schwann cells but not myelin sheath

12.

Myelinated nerve fibres are found in

(1) Cranial nerves
(2) Spinal nerves
(3) Both A and B
(4) Not in CNS

13.

When neuron is resting, which of the following is false with respect to that

(1) It is not conducting any impulse
(2) Axonal membrane is more permeable to potassium ions
(3) Axonal membrane won't allow any flow of sodium ions across it
(4) Membrane is impermeable to negatively charged proteins

14.

Which of the following conditions are not true across resting membrane?

(1) Axoplasm has more number of Potassium ions
(2) Axoplasm has less number of sodium ions
(3) High Concentration of negatively charged proteins in fluid outside axoplasm
(4) Both B and C

15.

When a stimulus is applied at a site over neuron membrane

(1) It becomes freely permeable to Sodium ions
(2) It becomes freely permeable to potassium ions
(3) It causes reversal of polarity from positive to negative on inner side
(4) Both A and C

16.

The ................ across the plasma membrane at site A is called ............, which is termed as ........

1.	Resting membrane potential, action potential, nerve impulse
2.	Electric potential difference, action potential, nerve impulse
3.	Resting membrane potential, nerve impulse, action potential
4.	Action potential, electric potential difference, active potential

17.

The rise in stimulus-induced permeability to
a. Potassium ions
b. Sodium ions
c. Restoring RMP
d. Diffusion of potassium ions
Arrange them in order.

1. b-a-c-d
2. a-b-c-d
3. b-a-d-c
4. c-a-d-b

18.

Which of the following is not associated with axon terminals?

(1) Synaptic vesicles
(2) Exocytosis
(3) Neurotransmitter release
(4) Axon hillock

19.

Nerve impulse travelling through synapses cannot be

(1) Excitatory
(2) Inhibitory
(3) Both A and B
(4) Apolar neuronic

20.

Which of the following is the outermost mean of protection for brain?

(1) Skull
(2) Dura mater
(3) Arachnoid
(4) Pia mater

21.

Regulation of sexual behaviour and motivation is not under the control of which of the following brain part?

(1) Limbic lobe
(2) Hypothalamus
(3) Pons
(4) Both A and C

22.

Which of the following is not associated with midbrain?

(1) Located between thalamus of the forebrain and pons of the hindbrain
(2) A canal called the cerebral aqueduct passes through the midbrain
(3) The ventral portion of the midbrain made up of mainly of four round swellings (lobes) called Corpora Quadrigemina
(4) Midbrain and hindbrain form the brain stem

23.

A major coordinating center in the human brain for sensory and motor signaling to and from the cerebrum is:
1. Cerebellum
2. Thalamus
3. Pons Varolii
4. Hypothalamus

24.

The autonomic division of the peripheral nervous system does not innervate:
1. visceral organs
2. exocrine glands
3. skeletal muscle
4. endocrine glands

25.

The vomiting center in the humans is located in the:
1. Medulla oblongata
2. Pons varolii
3. Hypothalamus
4. Thalamus

26.

Consider the characteristics of a certain part of the human brain:
I. It contains neurosecretory cells.
II. It is an important part of the limbic system.
III. It is a part of the diencephalons.
This part of the human brain is:
1. Hypothalamus
2. Medulla oblongata
3. Cerebellum
4. Amygdala

27.

Consider the following statements.

(a) Occurs involuntarily and without conscious effort.
(b) At least no afferent and two efferent neuron required.
(c) Only motor neuron is involved in the action.
(d) Polysynaptic and conditional reflex.
(e) Regulated by the spinal cord.
Which of the above statements are correct for the reflex shown in the above figure?
1. a and e
2. b, c and d
3. a, b, d and e
4. a, b, c, d and e

28.

The human hindbrain comprises three parts, one of which is:

1.	Cerebellum	2.	Hypothalamus
3.	Spinal	4.	Corpus callosum

29.

A canal called the cerebral aqueduct passes through the:
1. Diencephalon
2. Midbrain
3. III ventricle
4. IV ventricle

30.

Cerebral aqueduct passes through the:
1. Mid brain
2. Diencephalon
3. Hind brain
4. Spinal cord

31.

Which of the following statements are true regarding
association areas of brain?
A. These are the largest areas of forebrain.
B. These are involved in the regulation of sexual
behaviour, expression of emotional reactions
and motivation.
C. These are responsible for complex functions like
intersensory association, memory and
communication.
D. It is a part of cerebral cortex.
1. A & B
2. A, B & C
3. A, C & D
4. A & C

32.

Which of the following structures or regions is
incorrectly paired with its function?
1. limbic system—screening of information between
the spinal cord and the brain; regulates arousal
and sleep
2. medulla oblongata—homeostatic control center
3. cerebellum—unconscious coordination of
movement and balance
4. corpus callosum—band of fibers connecting left
and right cerebral hemispheres

33.

Nissl's granules are present in which part of a neuron?
1. Cyton
2. Synaptic knobs
3. Axon
4. Nerve endings

34.

Consider the two statements:

I:	Electric synapses are rare in our system.
II:	Impulse transmission across electric synapse is always faster than across a chemical synapse.

1. Both I and II are correct and II explains I
2. Both I and II are correct and II does not explain I
3. Only I is correct
4. Only II is correct

35.

Identify the correct statement regarding the sections of the spinal cord shown in the given diagram:

I:	A and D are part of the grey mater
II:	B is motor and C is sensory

1.	Only I	2.	Only II
3.	Both I and II	4.	Neither I nor II

36.

___A___ is a major coordinating centre for sensory and motor signaling present in the forebrain of the central nervous system. Here ‘A’ is:
1. Association area
2. Thalamus
3. Pons
4. Hypothalamus

37.

Which of the following event can be related to the repolarisation of nerve fiber?
1. Opening up of K⁺ gated channel
2. Opening up of Cl^-gated channel
3. Closure of Na⁺ gated channel
4. Both 1 & 3

38.

Due to rapid inflow of Na⁺, the potential increases to zero, then rises to +20 to +30 mv and this newly developed potential difference is called
1. Repolarization
2. Resting potential
3. Absolute refractory period
4. Action potential

39.

Which of the following chemical changes is responsible for repolarisation of the membrane of axons?
1. Opening of Na⁺ channels and rapid influx of Na⁺ ions
2. Opening of K⁺ channels and rapid influx of K⁺ ions
3. Opening of Na⁺ channels and closing of K⁺ channels
4. Closing of Na⁺ channels and opening of K⁺ channels

40.

Hypothalamus contains a number of centres which control
(1) Hunger and satiety
(2) Thermoregulation
(3) Libido
(4) All of these

41.

The neural system provides an organized network of ___A___ connections for a ___B___ coordination. Choose the correct option for A, B to complete the given statement.
1. A – point to point, B – slow
2. A – chemical, B – fast
3. A – point to point, B – fast
4. A – Chemical, B – slow

42.

Cerebral aqueduct is found in
1. Fore brain
2. Mid brain
3. Cerebellum
4. Medulla

43.

Read the following sentences:-(a-d)
(a) Hypothalamus contains a number of centres that control the temperature of the body.
(b) The medulla of the brain is connected to the spinal cord and related to regulation with cardiovascular reflex.
(c) Pons of the hindbrain has a large convoluted surface to provide additional space for many more neurons.
(d) A part of the brain that lies below the signaling centre of the brain is related to the regulation of sexual behaviour.
How many above statements are incorrect?
(1) one
(2) four
(3) three
(4) two

44.

The white matter of the central nervous system gets its white color from the _________.
(1) scarcity of blood vessels
(2) scarcity of pigment
(3) nerve cell bodies
(4) presence of myelin sheaths

45.

How do neurotransmitters generally bring about a response in a target cell?
(1) They interact directly with their DNA and influence gene expression.
(2) They bind with specific receptors and bring about a conformational change in the shape.
(3) They change the polarity of the cell membrane.
(4) They increase protein synthesis by the free ribosomes of the cell.

46.

Consider the following functions:
I. Blood circulation
II. Respiration
III. Excretion
IV. Learning and memory Autonomic nervous system regulate:
(1) I, II, III, IV
(2) II, III, IV
(3) I, III, IV
(4) I, II, III

47.

The limbic system is formed by
1. The hypothalamus, epithalamus, amygdala and hippocampus
2. Hypothalamus, amygdala and hippocampus
3. Corpora quadrigemina and hippocampus
4. Midbrain an hindbrain

48.

The ionic gradients across the resting membrane are maintained by the
1. Ion channels
2. Sodium-potassium pumps
3. Electrical synapses
4. Chemical synapses

49.

On application of a stimulus on the axonal membrane,
1. There is a rapid influx of K⁺ at that site
2. There is a rapid efflux of Na⁺ at that site
3. There is a rapid influx of Na⁺ at that site
4. There is a rapid efflux of K⁺ at that site

50.

The limbic system is formed by
1. The hypothalamus, epithalamus, amygdala and hippocampus
2. Hypothalamus, amygdala and limbic system
3. Corpora quadrigemina and hippocampus
4. Midbrain and hindbrain

51.

Which of the following is not a part of knee jerk reflex?
1. Afferent pathway
2. Muscle spindle
3. Efferent pathway
4. Interneuron

52.

In chemical synapse, postsynaptic membrane receptor
binds with
1. Excitatory neurotransmitter.
2. Inhibitory neurotransmitter.
3. Ca⁺⁺ ions.
4. Both 1 and 2

53.

Which type of reflex is represented by the following diagram when the doctor taps the knee with rubber headed hammer? Which of the following is absent in this reflex (Muscle spindle, Interneuron, Afferent pathway, Efferent pathway)?

1. Simple reflex, muscle spindle
2. knee jerk reflex, interneuron
3. Monosynaptic reflex, muscle spindle
4. Polysynaptic, interneuron

54.

The structure marked as X in the following diagram showing sagittal section of the human brain would be:

1. Corpora quadrigemina
2. Limbic system
3. Corpus callosum
4. Hippocampal gyrus

55.

Patellar tendon stretch reflex involves all except
(1) Afferent neuron
(2) Efferent neuron
(3) CNS
(4) Interneurons

56. Which of the given options is not absolutely essential for all reflex actions ?
1. Receptor organ
2. Interneuron
3. Afferent and efferent neuron
4. Part of CNS

57.

The reflex arc ends at:
1. sensory neuron
2. motor neuron
3. effector
4. receptor

58.

Identify the correct statement:

1.	Unmyelinated neurons in PNS are not surrounded by Schwann cell
2.	Electrical synapses, being faster, are more common in the human body
3.	Pia mater is in contact with the brain tissue
4.	The entire hindbrain and the midbrain constitute the brain stem

59.

Hypothalamus:

1.	is a basal part of the telencephalon, forebrain.
2.	contains several groups of neurosecretory cells called nuclei which produce hormones
3.	is connected to the neurohypophysis by a portal circulation
4.	is the location of the respiratory rhythm center

60.

Receptor sites for neurotransmitters are present on:
1. Pre-synaptic membrane
2. Tips of axons
3. Post-synaptic membrane
4. Membrane of synaptic vesicles

61. What restores the resting membrane potential of the axonal membrane at the site of excitation?
1. Influx of sodium ions
2. Efflux of sodium ions
3. Influx of potassium ions
4. Efflux of potassium ions

62. Dysfunction of which of the following parts of the human brain is most likely to affect learning and memory?
1. Pons
2. Hippocampus
3. Cerebellum
4. Hypothalamus

63. Which of the following statements is/are true?

I:	The resting axonal membrane is relatively more permeable to potassium ions and nearly impermeable to sodium ions.
II:	Sodium potassium pump transports 3 Na+ outwards for 2 K+ into the cell.

1.	Only I
2.	Only II
3.	Both I and II
4.	Neither I nor II

64. Select the incorrect statement regarding synapses:

1.	Impulse Transmission across a chemical synapse is always faster than that across an electrical synapse.
2.	The membranes of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons are in close proximity in an electrical synapse.
3.	Electrical current can flow directly from one neuron into the other across the electrical synapse.
4.	Chemical synapses use neurotransmitters.

65. Match List-I with List-II

	List-I		List-II
(a)	Multipolar neuron	(i)	Somatic neural system
(b)	Bipolar neuron	(ii)	Cerebral cortex
(c)	Myelinated nerve fibre	(iii)	Retina of Eye
(d)	Unmyelinated nerve fibre	(iv)	Spinal nerves

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

	(a)	(b)	(c)	(d)
1.	(iii)	(i)	(iv)	(ii)
2.	(ii)	(iv)	(iii)	(i)
3.	(ii)	(iii)	(i)	(iv)
4.	(ii)	(iii)	(iv)	(i)

66. In a neuron, Nissl’s granules are seen in:

I. Cell body

II. Dendrites

III. Axon

1. I and II only	2. I and III only
3. II and III only	4. I, II and III

67. Match each item in Column I with one in Column II and select the correct match from the codes given:

	Column I		Column II
A.	Multipolar neuron	P.	Embryonic stage
B.	Bipolar neuron	Q.	Retina
C.	Unipolar neuron	R.	Cerebral cortex

Code:

	A	B	C
1.	P	Q	R
2.	Q	R	P
3.	R	Q	P
4.	R	P	Q

68. In a resting axonal membrane:

1.	The outer surface possesses a positive charge while its inner surface becomes negatively charged.
2.	The outer surface possesses a negative charge while its inner surface becomes positively charged.
3.	Both the outer and the inner surface are positively charged.
4.	Both the outer and the inner surface are negatively charged.

69. What type of neuron is found in the human retina and olfactory membrane?
1. Unipolar
2. Bipolar
3. Multipolar
4. Pseudo-unipolar

70.
Given below are two statements:

Assertion (A):	In a reflex pathway, efferent neuron passes signal from receptor organ to dorsal root ganglion
Reason (R):	Impulse transmitted by a motor neuron is carried by dorsal root ganglion towards CNS

1.	Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.	(A) is true but (R) is false.
4.	Both (A) and (R) are false.

71. Action potential is generated by
1. Na⁺
2. K⁺
3. Ca⁺
4. Cl^-

72. Nerve impulse

A.	during the propagation of a nerve impulse, the action potential results from the movement of K ions from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid
B.	electrical synapses are very rare in the human system
C.	receptor sites for neurotransmitters are present on the presynaptic membrane
D.	when the impulse reaches the presynaptic region, synaptic vesicles break and release neurotransmitters
E.	impulse through nerve fibers is unidirectional because nerve fibers are insulated by a medullary sheath

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
1. A and E only
2. B, C and D only
3. C, D and E only
4. B and D only

73. An action potential in the nerve fibre is produced when positive and negative charges on the outside and the inside of the axon membrane are reversed, because

1.	More potassium enters the axon as compared to sodium ions leaving it
2.	More sodium enters the axon as compared to potassium ions leaving it
3.	All potassium ions leave the axon
4.	All sodium ions enter the axon

74. There are two types of axons, namely, myelinated and non-myelinated. Find out the correct statement:

I:	The myelinated nerve fibres are enveloped with Schwann cells, which form a myelin sheath around the axon.
II:	Myelinated nerve fibres are found in spinal and cranial nerves.
III:	Unmyelinated nerve fibres are not enclosed by a Schwann cell and a myelin sheath around the axon.
IV:	Unmyelinated nerve fibres are commonly found in autonomous and the somatic neural systems.

1.	I, II, IV only	2.	III and IV only
3.	I, II, III and IV	4.	None, All are incorrect

75. The ionic gradients across the resting axonal membrane are maintained by:

1.	the passive transport of sodium and potassium ions through membrane channels.
2.	the passive transport of sodium and chloride ions through membrane channels.
3.	the active transport of ions by the sodium-potassium pump which transports 3 Na⁺outwards for 2 K⁺ into the cell.
4.	the active transport of ions by the sodium-chloride pump which transports 3 Na⁺ outwards for 2 Cl^- into the cell.

76. What restores the resting potential of the membrane at the site of excitation?
1. Influx of sodium ions
2. Influx of potassium ions
3. Efflux of sodium ions
4. Efflux of potassium ions

77. Which part of the human hindbrain consists of fibre tracts that interconnect different regions of the brain?
1. pons
2. cerebellum
3. medulla oblongata
4. corpora quadrigemina

78. If the Na⁺ - K⁺pump stops working then the
1. Na⁺ and K⁺ will be in excess in extracellular fluid
2. Na⁺ will be in excess in extracellular fluid
3. K⁺ will be excess in intracellular fluid
4. Na⁺ will be in excess in intracellular fluid

79. Select the correct statement

1.	The PNS is the site of information processing and control
2.	All the nerves of the body associated with the PNS comprise the CNS
3.	The autonomic neural system relays impulses from the CNS to the involuntary organs of the body
4.	The CNS is divided into two divisions called sympathetic neural system and parasympathetic neural system

80. In a resting neuron, the axonal membrane is

1.	Nearly impermeable to potassium ions (K⁺)
2.	Impermeable to positively charged proteins present in the axoplasm
3.	Comparatively more permeable to K⁺
4.	Completely permeable to sodium ions

81. Match the columns

	Column I		Column II
(a)	Bipolar neuron	(i)	Schwann cells
(b)	Myelin sheath	(ii)	Cerebral cortex
(c)	Multipolar nuron	(iii)	Retina of eye
(d)	Unmyelinated nerve fibres	(iv)	Autonomic neural system

1. a(i), b(iii), c(ii), d(iv)
2. a(ii), b(i), c(ii), d(iv)
3. a(iv), b(ii), c(i), d(iii)
4. a(i), b(ii), c(iii), d(iv)

82. Which of the following events is likely to happen if diffusion of ions is allowed in a resting polarized axonal membrane?
1. Na⁺will move out of the cell
2. Na⁺will move into the cell
3. K⁺will move into the cell
4. Na⁺and K⁺ will both move out of the cell

83. Unmyelinated neurons:

1.	are not found in human neural system
2.	are surrounded by Schwann cells in peripheral neural system
3.	are bipolar neurons
4.	conduct impulse at a faster rate than myelinated neurons

84. What connects the two cerebral hemispheres in human brain?
1. Corpus callosum
2. Cerebellar peduncle
3. Corpora quadrigemina
4. Corticospinal tract

85. The sodium potassium pump transports:
1. three sodium ions from outside to inside a cell.
2. three sodium ions from inside to outside a cell.
3. two potassium ions from outside to inside a cell.
4. two sodium ions from outside to inside a cell.

86.

Assertion (A):	Electrical synapses are rarer than chemical synapses in human body.
Reason(R):	Electrical synapses are faster than chemical synapses.

1.	Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A).
2.	Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A).
3.	(A) is True but (R) is False
4.	Both (A) and (R) are False

87.

Which part of the human brain has a number of centers that control body temperature, urge for eating, and drinking?

1.	Thalamus	2.	Hypothalamus
3.	Cerebellum	4.	Cerebrum

88. When an adequate strength of the stimulus is applied to a resting axonal membrane, which of the following will lead to depolarization and the development of action potential?
1. Efflux of sodium ions
2. Influx of sodium ions
3. Influx of potassium ions
4. Efflux of potassium ions

89. The corpus callosum, an important feature of mammalian brain, is:

1.	A nerve tract that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.
2.	A part of the brainstem that controls breathing.
3.	A region in the thalamus.
4.	A gland in the brain that secretes hormones.

90. Given below are two statements:

Statement I:	The cerebral hemispheres are connected by nerve tract known as corpus callosum.
Statement II:	The brain stem consists of the medulla oblongata, pons and cerebrum.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1.	Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
2.	Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
3.	Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
4.	Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.

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