Which are the external conditions required for seed germination:

(1) Oxygen, carbon dioxide and suitable temperature

(2) Oxygen, light and suitable temperature

(3) Light, moisture and suitable temperature

(4) Oxygen, moisture and suitable temperature

Which of the following is not correct?
(1) As the seed matures, its water content is reduced and seeds become relatively dry(10-15% moisture by mass)
(2) The seed dormancy is the internal or innate inhibition of generation of normal or viable seeds
(3) Embryo in dormant seed shows higher rate of general metabolic rate
(4) Because of dormancy seeds remain viable for longer period and can be stored

Which of the following statements is false?
(1) Some 2000 years old viable seeds of Pheonix dactylifera were discovered during archaeological excavation of King Herod's palace near Dead Sea
(2) Record of 10,000 years of dormancy of seeds has been estimated in Lupinus arcticus
(3) The number of seeds in each fruit in case of orchid and some parasitic forms like Orobanche and Striga is one
(4) Many fruits have evolved mechanisms for dispersal of seeds

Active research is going on in many laboratories around the world to understand the genetics of apomixis. What is the purpose of such active research?
(1) Hybrid plants are directly formed by apomixis
(2) Apomixis is the method to produce seed without fertilization
(3) To transfer apomictic genes into hybrid varieties which will prevent loss of hybrid vigour with successive years
(4) Apomixis produces genetically different individuals

Pollen tube releases the two male gamete into the:
(1) One male gamete in cytoplasm of synergids and other in cytoplasm of central cell
(2) Both in cytoplasm of central cell
(3) Cytoplasm of Antipodal cell
(4) Both in cytoplasm of synergids

Read the statements and select option representing correct statements with respect to stamen.
A. The distal end of filament is attached to thalamus.
B. A typical anther is dithecous and bisporangiate.
C. Connective is sterile vasculated tissue.
D. Microsporangia develop further and become pollen sacs.
1. A & B                       2. A & C
3. B & C                       4. C & D

Outer three layers of anther wall perform the function of

The genetic mechanism that prevents self pollen (from the same flower or other flowers of the same plant) from fertilising the ovules by inhibiting pollen germination or pollen tube growth in the pistil, called as

Plants pollinated by wind do not show

Genetically and functionally self-pollination is cent percent ensured with seed formation even in the absence of pollinators by

1. Bisexuality                   
2. Dicliny
3. Geitonogamy               
4. Cleistogamy