Centrioles, cilia, flagella, and basal bodies have remarkably similar structural elements and arrangements. This leads us to which of the following as a probable hypothesis?

1. Disruption of one of these types of structure should necessarily disrupt each of the others as well.

2. Loss of basal bodies should lead to loss of all cilia, flagella, and centrioles.

3. Motor proteins such as dynein must have evolved before any of these four kinds of structure.

4. Natural selection for motility must select for microtubular arrays in circular patterns.

The presence of cholesterol in the plasma membranes of some animals.

1. enables the membrane to stay fluid more easily when cell temperature drops.

2. enables the animal to remove hydrogen atoms from saturated phospholipids.

3. enables the animal to add hydrogen atoms to unsaturated phospholipids.

4. makes the membrane less flexible, allowing it to sustain greater pressure from within the cell.

Gas vacuoles allow cyanobacteria to:

1. Store carbon dioxide for assimilation
2. Control their buoyancy
3. Provide anaerobic conditions to nitrogenase
4. Eliminate toxic ammonia

The lipid component of the plasma membrane mainly consists of:

1. Triglycerides

2. Cholesterol

3. Phosphoglycerides

4 Proteins

Carotenoid pigments are found in:

I. Chloroplasts

II. Chromoplasts

III. Leucoplasts

(1) Only I

(2) Only I and II

(3) Only II

(4) I, II and III

Microbodies, which help to convert stored lipids into carbohydrates so they can be used for plant growth, are known as:

1. Peroxisomes

2. Sphaerosomes

3. Glyoxysomes

4. Lysosomes

Ribosomes are produced in

1. Nucleolus

2. Mitochondria

3. Cytoplasm

4. Golgibody

All the following are the part of a eukaryotic cell endomembranous system except:

1. Vacuole

2. Lysosome

3. Golgi complex

4. Mitochondria

A feature unique to prokaryotes would be:

1. A cell wall not made up of cellulose

2. An extrachromosomal plasmid DNA

3. A cell membrane of peptidoglycan

4. Presence of inclusions

The tail of the phospholipid molecule: