The incorrect statements among the following for sigma- and pi- bonds formed between two carbon atoms is:

1.	Sigma-bond is stronger than a pi-bond
2.	Bond energies of sigma- and pi-bonds are of the order of 264 KJ/mol and 347 KJ/mol, respectively
3.	Free rotation of atoms about a sigma bond is allowed but not in the case of a pi-bond
4.	Sigma-bond determines the direction between carbon atoms but a pi-bond has no primary effect in this regard

The driving force of an atom to form chemical bonds involves:
1. To increase the size.
2. To decrease size.
3. To attain stability.
4. None of the above.

The Lewis dot symbols for atoms of the elements Mg, Na, O, and N, respectively, would be:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Lewis symbols for the atoms and ions: S and S^2–; Al and Al³⁺; H and H^– respectively, would be:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Which of the following factors are favourable for the formation of an ionic bond?

The correct relationship between bond strength and bond order is :

The bond length can be defined as:

${\mathrm{}}_{}{\mathrm{}}_{}$\(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_3\) can be represented by structures 1 and 2 shown below.

However, these two structures cannot be considered as canonical forms of a resonance hybrid because:

The shape of ${\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$ molecule is bent while that of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ is linear. The correct explanation for this fact is that dipole moment of:

The application of dipole moment is/are :