Summer wood is:

(1) the same as heartwood.

(2) found to the outside of each annular ring of xylem.

(3) found to the inside of each annular ring of xylem.

(4) formed throughout the growing season.

Read the different components from I to IV in the list given below and tell the correct order of the components with reference to their arrangement from outer side to inner side in a woody dicot stem:

I. Secondary cortex

II. Wood

III. Secondary phloem

IV. Phellem

The correct order is:

1. III, IV, II, I

2. I, II, IV, III

3. IV, I, III, II

4. IV, III, I, II

Identify the wrong statement in context of heartwood.

(1) Organic compounds are deposited in it

(2) it is highly durable

(3) It conducts water and minerals efficiently

(4) It comprises dead elements with highly lignified walls

Which of the following is made up of dead cells?

(1) Xylem parenchyma

(2) Collenchyma

(3) Phellem

(4) Phloem

The vascular cambium normal gives rise to.

(1) phelloderm                                         

(2) primary phloem

(3) secondary xylem                                 

(4) periderm

Cortex is the region found between

(1) Epidermis and stele

(2) Pericycle and endodermis

(3) Endodermis and pith

(4) Endodermis and vascular bundle

The balloon-shaped structures called tyloses

(1) Original in the lumen of vessels

(2) characterise the sapwood

(3) are exetentions of xylem parenchyma cells into vessels

(4) are linked to the ascent of sap through xylem vessels

Specialised epidermal cells surrounding the guard cells are called ?

1. subsidiary cells

2. bulliform cells

3. lenticels

4. complementary cells

Vascular bundles in monocotyledons are considered closed because

1. a bundle sheath surrounds each bundle

2. cambium is absent

3. there are no vessels with performations

4. xylem is surrounded all around by phloem

A major characteristic of the monocot root is the presence of

1. open vascuiar bundles

2. scattered vascular bundles

3. vasculature without cambium

4. cambium sandwiched between phloem and xylem along the radius