1. | 0.03 to 0.04 | 2. | 0.04 to 0.05 |
3. | 0.05 | 4. | more than 0.05 |
I: | Water stress can cause the stomata to close, hence, reducing the carbon dioxide availability. |
II: | Water stress also makes leaves wilt, thus, reducing the surface area of the leaves and their metabolic activity as well. |
1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
(a) | Splitting of the water molecule takes place on the inner side of the membrane. |
(b) | Protons accumulate within the lumen of the thylakoids. |
(c). | The primary acceptor of electrons transfers the electrons to an electron carrier. |
(d) | NADP reductase enzyme is located on the stroma side of the membrane. |
(e) | Protons increase in number in stroma. |
1. | (a), (b) and (e) | 2. | (a), (b) and (d) |
3. | (b), (c) and (d) | 4. | (b), (c) and (e) |
I: | Plants restore to the air whatever breathing animals and burning candles remove. |
II: | Sunlight is essential to the plant process that somehow purifies the air fouled by burning candles or breathing animals. |
1. Only I | 2. Only II |
3. Both I and II | 4. Neither I nor II |
I: | The whole scheme of transfer of electrons, starting from the PS II, uphill to the acceptor, down the electron transport chain to PS I, excitation of electrons, transfer to another acceptor, and finally down-hill to NADP+ reducing it to NADPH + H+ is called the Z scheme. |
II: | The electrons that are moved from photosystem II get replaced by electrons available due to splitting of water. |
1. Only I | 2. Only II |
3. Both I and II | 4. Neither I nor II |
I: | A possible location where this could be happening is in the stroma lamellae. |
II: | While the membrane or lamellae of the grana have both PS I and PS II, the stroma lamellae membranes lack PS II as well as NADP reductase enzyme. |
1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
Characteristics | C3 Plants | C4 Plants |
Cell type in which the Calvin cycle takes place | A | B |
Cell type in which the initial carboxylation reaction occurs | C | D |
A | B | C | D | |
1. | Mesophyll | Bundle sheath | Mesophyll | Bundle sheath |
2. | Bundle sheath | Bundle sheath | Mesophyll | Mesophyll |
3. | Bundle sheath | Mesophyll | Mesophyll | Mesophyll |
4. | Mesophyll | Bundle sheath | Mesophyll | Mesophyll |
Following crops have been extensively cultivated in CO2 rich atmosphere for higher yield:
1. | Sugar beet and Cabbage | 2. | Carrots and Tomatoes |
3. | Wheat and Sugar beet | 4. | Tomatoes and Bell pepper |