(a) | IUDs decrease phagocytosis of sperm within the uterus. |
(b) | The released copper ions suppress sperm motility. |
(c) | IUDs do not make the cervix hostile to the sperm. |
(d) | IUDs suppress the fertilization capacity of sperm. |
(e) | The IUDs require surgical intervention for their insertion in the uterine cavity. |
Column I | Column II | ||
(a) | Legalisation of MTP in India | (i) | 2017 |
(b) | Initiation of ‘family planning programs’ | (ii) | 1971 |
(c) | India’s population reached 1.2 billion | (iii) | 2011 |
(d) | MTP amendment act | (iv) | 1951 |
(a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
1. | (iv) | (iii) | (i) | (ii) |
2. | (i) | (iii) | (iv) | (ii) |
3. | (ii) | (iv) | (iii) | (i) |
4. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
1. | It is valid if the unborn child has a risk of physical or mental abnormalities. |
2. | Needs the opinion and go ahead from only one registered medical practitioner. |
3. | It is valid if the pregnant woman is at risk of a grave physical injury |
4. | It helps in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity if the continuation of pregnancy can cause harm to the mother. |
1. | Afraid of social stigma; ectopic pregnancies, still birth or infertility |
2. | Afraid of social stigma; malaria, filariasis or chikungunya |
3. | Unafraid of social stigma; syphilis, gonorrhea or genital herpes |
4. | Unafraid of social stigma; abortions, ascariasis, or taeniasis |
Column I | Column II | ||
a. | (i) | Implant | |
b. | (ii) | Copper T | |
c. | (iii) | Condom for male | |
d. | (iv) | Condom for female |