The given diagram shows the schematic functioning of the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System in the regulation of kidney function. Identify A, B, C and D:
A
B
C
D
1.
Renin released from kidney
Angiotensin II stimulates adrenal medulla to secrete aldosterone
Reabsorption of sodium and water
Vaso-
dilation
2.
Renin released from kidney
Angiotensin II stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone
Reabsorption of sodium and water
Vaso-
constriction
3.
ADH released from kidney
Angiotensin II stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone
Diuresis
Vaso-
constriction
4.
Angio-
tensin I released from kidney
Angiotensin II stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone
Reabsorption of sodium and water
Vaso-
dilation
dilation
constriction
constriction
tensin I released from kidney
dilation
Subtopic: Autoregulation of GFR |
81%
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Given below is a diagram showing the functioning of the micturition reflex in humans. Identify the correct statements:
| I: | The region designated as ‘X’ in the diagram is the sacral region of the spinal cord. |
| II: | Motor signals from the spinal cord lead to relaxation of the muscle in the wall of the urinary bladder and constriction of the urinary sphincter. |
| 1. | Only I | 2. | Only II |
| 3. | Both I and II | 4. | Neither I nor II |
Subtopic: Micturition Reflex |
51%
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The figure shows a diagrammatic representation of a nephron and vasa recta showing counter current mechanisms. Identify the correct statements:
| I: | A is NaCl which is transported by the ascending limb of Henle’s loop, exchanged with the ascending limb of vasa recta and returned to the interstitium by the descending portion of vasa recta. |
| II: | B is urea which enters the thin segment of the ascending limb of Henle’s loop and is transported back to the interstitium by the collecting tubule. |
| III: | C is water. |
| 1. | Only I and II | 2. | Only II and III |
| 3. | Only I and III | 4. | I, II and III |
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 | Formation of Urine | Concentration of Urine |
68%
From NCERT
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Given figure shows a sagittal section of human kidney. Identify A, B, C and D:
| A | B | C | D | |
| 1. | Minor calyx | Major calyx | Renal pelvis | Urethra |
| 2. | Major calyx | Minor calyx | Renal pelvis | Ureter |
| 3. | Minor calyx | Major calyx | Renal pelvis | Ureter |
| 4. | Minor calyx | Major calyx | Renal pectoral | Urethra |
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
74%
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Subtopic: Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration |
73%
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Identify the correctly matched rows regarding A-F in the given figure:
Options:
| A. | Malpighian body | Site for ultra-filtration |
| B. | Proximal convoluted tubule | Maximum reabsorption of filtrate |
| C. | Descending limb of loop of Henle | Permeable to water; almost impermeable to electrolytes |
| D. | Ascending limb of loop of Henle | Impermeable to water; allows transport of electrolytes |
| E. | Distal convoluted tubule | Conditional reabsorption of sodium and water |
| F. | Collecting duct | Concentration of urine; allows passage of urea |
| 1. | All except C and D | 2. | All except B and E |
| 3. | All except F | 4. | All |
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section | Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 | Formation of Urine |
83%
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Consider the given two statements:
1. I is correct but II is incorrect
2. I is incorrect but II is correct
3. I is correct and II is also correct
4. I is incorrect and II is also incorrect
| I: | Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons. |
| II: | Efferent arteriole forms a peritubular capillary network around renal tubules. |
1. I is correct but II is incorrect
2. I is incorrect but II is correct
3. I is correct and II is also correct
4. I is incorrect and II is also incorrect
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Functions | Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
84%
From NCERT
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Identify the figure given below and select the incorrect match of the labelled parts A, B, C and D with their respective description.
| 1. | A | Urine produced by kidneys exit through this and passes into a common sac |
| 2. | B | During urination, urine is expelled from the bladder through this |
| 3. | C | Secretes antidiuretic hormone when blood osmolarity rises above a set point |
| 4. | D | Structure that stores urine |
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Functions | Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section | Autoregulation of GFR |
73%
From NCERT
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Choose the incorrect statement from the following given options.
| 1. | In adults, each testis is oval in shape, with a length of about 4 to 5 cm. |
| 2. | Testis is covered by loose connective tissue. |
| 3. | Each testis has about 250 compartments called testicular lobules. |
| 4. | Temperature of testis within scrotum is lower than the normal internal body temperature. |
Subtopic: Male Reproductive System |
78%
From NCERT
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Consider the given statements carefully.
(a) Malpighian tubules help in the removal of nitrogenous wastes and osmoregulation in Periplaneta.
(b) Flame cells are the excretory structure in Planaria as well as rotifers.
(c) Each kidney of an adult human measures 0.1 to 0.12 meters in width.
(d) Kidneys are situated between the level of the last thoracic and fourth lumbar vertebra.
Select the option with correct statements only:
1. (a), (b), (c), and (d)
2. (a) and (b)
3. (a), (c), and (d)
4. (a), (b), and (c)
(a) Malpighian tubules help in the removal of nitrogenous wastes and osmoregulation in Periplaneta.
(b) Flame cells are the excretory structure in Planaria as well as rotifers.
(c) Each kidney of an adult human measures 0.1 to 0.12 meters in width.
(d) Kidneys are situated between the level of the last thoracic and fourth lumbar vertebra.
Select the option with correct statements only:
1. (a), (b), (c), and (d)
2. (a) and (b)
3. (a), (c), and (d)
4. (a), (b), and (c)
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products | Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
75%
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