Which of the following statements is correct?
1. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water
2. The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water
3. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water
4. The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes
The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is
1. distal convoluted tubule
2. proximal convoluted tubule
3. Bowman's capsule
4. descending limb of Henle's loop
Human urine is usually acidic because
1. the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular
capillaries
2. excreted plasma proteins are' acidic
3. potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity
4. hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate
Which of the following does not favor the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?
1. Alcohol
2. Caffeine
3. Renin
4. Atrial-natriuretic factor
Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted
tubule?
1. Increase in aldosterone levels
2. Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels
3. Decrease in aldosterone levels
4. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels
Figure shows human urinary system with structures labelled A to D. Select option,
which correctly identifies them and gives their characterstics and/of functions.
1. A-adrenal gland located at the anterior part of kidney. Secrete catecholamines,
which stiumate glycogen breakdown
2. B-pelvis broad funnel shaped space inner to hilum, directly connected to loops of
Henle
3. C-mediulla-inner zone of kidney and contains complete nephrons
4. D-cortex-outer part of kidney and do not contain any part of neohrons
Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human
nephron?
1. Henle's loop - most reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrated
2. Distal convoluted tubule - reabsorption of ions into the surrounding blood capillaries
3. Afferent arteriole - carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards renal vein
4. Podocytes- create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the
Bowman's capsule
Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?
1. Convoluted tubules
2. Collecting ducts
3. Loops Henle
4. Peritubular capillaries
Uricotelic mode of passing out nitrogenous wastes is found in
1. birds and annelids
2. amphibians and reptiles
3. insects and amphibians
4. reptiles and birds
Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function
regulation?
1. Exposure to cold temperatures stimulates ADH release
2. An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates the formation of angiotensin II
3. During summer when the body loses a lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is
suppressed
4. When someone drinks a lot of water ADH release is suppressed