Emerson's enhancement effect and red drop have been instrumental in the discovery of 

1. two photosystems operating simultaneously

2. photophosphorylation and cyclic electron transport. 

3. Oxidative phosphorylation

4. photophosphorylation and non-cyclic electron transport

In a chloroplast the highest number of protons are found in

1. lumen of thylakoids

2. inter membrane space

3. antenna complex

4. Stroma

In photosynthesis, the light-independent reactions take place at 

1. thylakoid lumen 

2. photosystem l

3. photosystem ll

4. stromal matrix

Anoxygenic photosynthesis is characteristic of 

1. Rhodospirillum

2. Spirogyra

3. Chlamydomonas 

4. Ulva

The correct sequence of cell organelles during photorespiration is 

(1) chloroplast-Golgi bodies-mitochondria

(2) chloroplast-rough endoplasmic reticulum-dictyosomes

(3) chloroplast-peroxisome-mitochondria

(4) chloroplast-vacuole-peroxisome

PGA as the first CO₂ fixation was discovered in the photosynthesis of 

(1) bryophyte

(2) gymnosperm

(3) angiosperm

(4) algae

C₄ -plants are more efficient in photosynthesis than C₃ -plants due to 

The C₄ -plants are photosynthetically more efficient than C₃ -plants because

Electrons from excited chlorophyll molecule of photosystem-II are accepted first by

1. cytochrome-b

2. cytochrome-f

3. quinone

4. ferredoxin

In the leaves of C₄ -plants malic acid synthesis during CO₂ fixation occurs in 

(1) epidermal cells

(2) mesophyll cells

(3) bundle sheath

(4) guard cells