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Q. No.How many of the given vital stats regarding human kidneys are within normal range of their values?
A. Length: 10-12 cm
B. Width: 5-7 cm
C. Thickness: 2-3 cm
D. Weight: 120-170 g
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
91%
From NCERT
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Identify the incorrectly matched pair:
| 1. | Renal hilum | the entry and exit site for structures servicing the kidneys: vessels, nerves, lymphatics, and ureters. |
| 2. | Columns of Bertini | Extension of renal medulla into renal cortex |
| 3. | Renal pelvis | The funnel-like dilated part of the ureter in the kidney |
| 4. | Renal capsule | A tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney |
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
75%
From NCERT
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Which branch of the renal artery forms a tuft of capillaries called the glomerulus?
1. Afferent arteriole
2. Efferent arteriole
3. Vasa recta
4. Peri tubular capillary
1. Afferent arteriole
2. Efferent arteriole
3. Vasa recta
4. Peri tubular capillary
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Functions | Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
88%
From NCERT
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Consider the two statements regarding the structure of nephron in human kidneys:
1. Statement I is correct: Statement II is incorrect
2. Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is correct: Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is incorrect
| Statement I: | Glomerulus along with Bowman’s capsule, is called the malpighian body or renal corpuscle. |
| Statement II: | The DCTs of many nephrons open into a straight tube called collecting duct. |
2. Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is correct: Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect: Statement II is incorrect
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
94%
From NCERT
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Vasa recta:
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II and III are correct
3. Only III is correct
4. I, II and III are correct
| I: | is a fine capillary network around the renal tubule formed by efferent arteriole. |
| II: | runs parallel to the Henle’s loop in juxtamedullary nephrons. |
| III: | is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons. |
2. Only II and III are correct
3. Only III is correct
4. I, II and III are correct
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Functions |
From NCERT
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Urine formation involves three main processes, including all of the following, except:
1. Glomerular filtration
2. Reabsorption
3. Tubular secretion
4. Synthesis of urea by JG cells
1. Glomerular filtration
2. Reabsorption
3. Tubular secretion
4. Synthesis of urea by JG cells
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
96%
From NCERT
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On an average, 1100-1200 ml of blood is filtered by the kidneys per minute which constitute roughly:
| 1. | 10% of the blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in a minute. |
| 2. | 20% of the blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in a minute. |
| 3. | 30% of the blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in a minute. |
| 4. | 40% of the blood pumped out by each ventricle of the heart in a minute. |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
78%
From NCERT
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The epithelial cells of Bowman’s capsule, arranged in an intricate manner so as to leave some minute spaces called filtration slits or slit pores, are called as:
| 1. | Macula densa | 2. | Juxtaglomerular cells |
| 3. | Podocytes | 4. | Mesangial cells |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
96%
From NCERT
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Consider the two statements:
1. Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect
2. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect
| Statement I: | JGA is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the proximal convoluted tubule and the efferent arteriole at the location of their contact. |
| Statement II: | A fall in GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which can stimulate the glomerular blood flow and thereby the GFR back to normal. |
2. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct
3. Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct
4. Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
79%
From NCERT
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | Tubular secretion helps in the maintenance of ionic and acid-base balance of body fluids. |
| Reason (R): | During urine formation, the tubular cells secrete substances like H+, K+ and ammonia into the filtrate. |
| 1. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine |
81%
From NCERT
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