Assertion            :       Vital capacity is higher in athletes than non-athletes.

Reason              :       Vital capacity is about 3.5-4.5 litres in a normal adult person.

1. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
2. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false
4. If both the assertion and reason are false

Assertion             :       Gill-lamellae in aquatic animals help in exchange of gases

Reason                :       Each gill lamella carries many blood capillaries.

Assertion          :      In mammals, complex respiratory system has developed.

Reason             :      Mammalian skin is impermeable to gases.

Assertion    :       Insects develop a complex system of air tubes called trachea for respiratory purpose.

Reason       :      Exchange through body surface is not possible in insects.

Assertion :       Abdominal muscles is related with respiration in animals.

Reason    :       Relaxation of abdominal muscles draws in air.

Assertion             :       Aerobic respiration involves the exchange of respiratory gases twice.

Reason                :       Exchange occurs from lung to heart and then heart to lung.

Assertion   :       Blood of insects is colourless

Reason      :      The blood of insect does not play any role in transport of oxygen.

Assertion             :       In mollusca, circulatory system is of closed type.

Reason               :       The blood of mollusca contains haemoglobin

Assertion  :       Histamine is involved in allergic and inflammatory reactions.

Reason     :       Histamine is a vasodilator

Assertion       :       Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated in China.

Reason          :       China is the most populated country of the world

1. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation of Assertion (A).

 2.Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the true but Reason (R) is not a correct explanation of Assertion (A).

3.Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.

4. Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true