Which of the following statement is incorrect?

1.	Ecosystems are exempted from the Second Law of thermodynamics.
2.	An ecosystem has a tendency toward increasing disorderliness.
3.	Flow of energy is unidirectional from the sun to producers and then to consumers.
4.	All organisms are dependent for their food on producers, either directly or indirectly

Which are the primary consumers in a grazing food chain?

1. Carnivores

2. Herbivores

3. Detrivores

4. Omnivores

What do secondary carnivores refer to?

1. Animals at second trophic level

2. Those animals that depend on the herbivores for food

3. Those animals that depend on the primary carnivores for food

4. Those animals that depend on the secondary herbivores for food

The detritus food chain (DFC) begins with _________. It is made up of decomposers which are _________ organisms, mainly _________. They meet their energy and nutrient requirements by degrading _________.

What is the major conduit for energy flow in an aquatic ecosystem?

1. Grazing food chain

2. Detritus food chain

3. Sun

4. Hydrothermal vents

Identify the odd one out.

1. Cockroach

2. Crow

3. Humans

4. Goat

“Detritus food chain may be connected with the grazing food chain at some levels”.  This is evident from

1. i and iii

2. i and ii

3. ii and iii

4. i only

What do you mean by a food web?

1. Group of food chains.

2. Food chains present in a particular area

3. Natural interconnection of food chains

4. Food chains formed by members of a genus

Based on the source of organism’s nutrition or food, they occupy a specific place in the food chain that is known as-

1. Strata

2. Trophic level

3. Sere

4. Chain level

What do you mean by the standing crop?

1. Crop in a field at a given time

2. Each trophic level has a certain mass of living material at a particular time.

3. Each trophic level has a certain mass of organic material at a particular time.

4. Top trophic level has a certain mass of organic material at a particular time.