In a growing population of a country:

1.	Reproductive and pre-reproductive individuals are equal in number.
2.	Reproductive individuals are less than post-reproductive individuals.
3.	Pre-reproductive individuals are more than reproductive individuals.
4.	Pre-reproductive individuals are less than reproductive individuals.

A keystone species is the one which has
1. A small proportion of total biomass but has huge impact on community’s organisation and survival
2.A plenty of biomass but low impacts on community’s organisation
3. A rare species with little impact on biomass and other species in the community
4. A dominant species which has a large proportion of biomass and which affects many other species

A system of rotating crops with legume or grass pastures to improve soil structure and fertility is called:

1. Shifting agriculture
2. Ley farming
3. Contour farming
4. Strip farming

It is much easier for a small animal to run uphill than for a large animal, because:
1. The efficiency of muscles in large animals is less than in the small animals.
2. It is easier to carry a small body weight.
3. Smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate.
4. Small animals have a lower ${\mathrm{O}}_2$ requirement.

Which one of the following characteristics is not shared by birds and mammals? 
1. Warm blooded nature 

2. Ossified endoskeleton

3. Breathing using lungs

4. Viviparity

Plants which produce characteristic Pneumatophores and show vivipary belong to 
1. Mesophytes
2. halophytes
3. Psammophytes
4. Hydrophytes

Who is revered as the father of ecology in India?
1. Gurdev Singh Khush
2. Ramdeo Mishra
3. Panchanan Maheshwari
4. Jawahar Sharma

Ecology at the organismic level is essentially:
1. Physiological ecology
2. Biochemical ecology
3. Anatomical ecology
4. Pathological ecology

The biome characterized by a mean annual temperature between 0$°$C and 25$°$C and mean annual precipitation between 25 cm and 100 cm is:
1. Desert
2. Arctic and alpine tundra
3. Temperate forest
4. Grassland

Identify the biome that is not correctly matched with the physical parameters given in corresponding Column II and Column III: