Assertion (A): | Ecologically similar species can coexist in a community if one or more significant differences in their niches arise through time. |
Reason (R): | Two species cannot coexist permanently in a community if their niches are identical. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion: Differences among similar species whose distributions overlap geographically are accentuated in regions where the species co-occur.
Reason: The differences are minimized or lost where the species’ distributions do not overlap.
1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false
Assertion (A): | The adaptations of both predators and prey tend to be refined through natural selection. |
Reason (R): | Predation provides energy to prolong life and promote the reproduction of the organism that does the killing, the predator, to the detriment of the organism being consumed, the prey. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Apex predators help in maintaining species diversity in a community. |
Reason (R): | Apex predators are often keystone species. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Milkweeds are particularly favoured as their food by most herbivores. |
Reason (R): | Milkweeds produce cardiac glycosides that are very good for the heart of herbivores. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | For competition to occur between species, resources must be limited. |
Reason (R): | Totally unrelated species cannot compete for the same resources. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and reason are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
4. | Both (A)and (R) are False. |
Assertion (A): | The newly acquired predators and parasites are often more damaging than the older ones. |
Reason (R): | The older ones are familiar and the species getting affected have adjusted. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | Mammals with smaller body size find thermoregulation more challenging than those with larger body size. |
Reason (R): | Mammals with smaller body size are ectotherms and mammals with larger body size are endotherms. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | In every species, there are trade-offs between survival and reproductive traits. |
Reason (R): | Life history traits are products of natural selection. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
Assertion (A): | The human population is no longer growing exponentially but is still increasing rapidly. |
Reason (R): | Most countries of the world have undergone a demographic transition. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |